CURRENT SITUATION AND PROSPECTS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY USE IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR

Abstract

The aim of the work is to develop recommendations for Ukraine to accelerate the involvement of biofuels in the transport sector. The current state and prospects of the introduction of renewable energy in the transport sector of the European Union are analyzed. It is shown that the fulfillment of the ambitious goal of the European Green Deal to achieve climate neutrality in Europe by 2050 largely depends on the success of reducing carbon dioxide emissions on transport. This sector is the most difficult to decarbonize compared to others, so the European Green Deal pays special attention to it. In Ukraine, the situation is similar: the introduction of renewable energy is the slowest in the field of transport compared to the sectors of electricity and heat production. In order to effectively attract renewable energy sources to the transport sector, it is recommended to pursue a consistent policy of stimulating this sector, taking into account the example of the EU and individual member states. For example, Sweden has already achieved about 30% of renewable energy consumption on transport, which is the highest index in the EU. The main mechanisms that have contributed to this are the long-established energy and carbon taxes on fossil fuels. Taking into consideration the sustainability requirements for biofuels of the RED II Directive, which may become mandatory in Ukraine in the future, it makes sense today to explore the possibilities and introduce support for the production of second-generation biofuels in Ukraine.