TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ENERGY USE OF SOLID HOUSEHOLD WASTE

I. Karp, K. Pyanykh
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Technological aspects of energy use of solid waste and their constituents and possibility of applying certain technologies in Ukraine are analyzed. Global trends in waste management technologies are identified. When organizing waste sorting, half of their energy potential can be used, which is estimated to be 1.5 billion m3 of natural gas equivalent in Ukraine. Share of food waste is close to 40 %. It is advisable to recycle them in biogas and biomethane mixtures with agricultural waste and energy plants. Biomethane production can be increased in several times. Electricity and heat production from biogas require government assistance in form of special tariffs. Biomethane is being used alongside natural gas in compressed and liquefied state as a motor fuel. Biogas complexes are used as balancing power of grids. The most common technology for utilizing the energy potential of municipal solid waste is incineration. Emissions systems for waste incineration plants have reached a level of perfection that allows them to be placed close to residential areas. Ref. 15, Fig. 6, Tab. 2.
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固体家庭废物能源利用的技术方面
分析了固体废物及其成分的能源利用的技术方面以及在乌克兰应用某些技术的可能性。确定了废物管理技术的全球趋势。在组织废物分类时,可以利用其一半的能源潜力,估计乌克兰的能源潜力为15亿立方米天然气当量。食物浪费的比例接近40%。建议将它们与农业废物和能源工厂混合在沼气和生物甲烷中回收利用。生物甲烷的产量可以增加几倍。利用沼气发电和供热需要政府以特殊关税的形式提供援助。生物甲烷与压缩液化的天然气一起被用作汽车燃料。沼气复合体被用作电网的平衡电源。利用城市固体废物能源潜力的最常用技术是焚烧。垃圾焚烧厂的排放系统已经达到了一个完美的水平,可以让它们靠近居民区。参考文献15,图6,表2。
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