Cognitive flexibility moderates the association between theory of mind and children’s offer in the Ultimatum Game (La flexibilidad cognitiva modera la relación entre la teoría de la mente y las ofertas de los niños en el Juego del Ultimátum)

IF 1 4区 教育学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Journal for the Study of Education and Development Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI:10.1080/02103702.2022.2159618
Zhenlin Wang, Lamei Wang, Xiaozi Gao, Liqi Zhu
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Abstract

ABSTRACT This study examined the cognitive predictors and constraints of children’s strategic offers in the Ultimatum Game. The Ultimatum Game is a one-shot negotiation on the division of a given sum of rewards between two people, where the receiver has the right to punish the proposer by rejecting unfair offers, which results in nil reward for either party. Ninety-four Hong Kong children ranged between three and six years of age (48 girls, M = 4.94, SD = 0.90) participated in an Ultimatum Game, and tasks measuring theory of mind, cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control and verbal ability. Children’s theory of mind, measured with false belief understanding tasks, was positively associated with their Ultimatum Game offers. Regression analysis further demonstrated that cognitive flexibility moderated the association between false belief understanding and children’s offers in the Ultimatum Game. Being able to take the opponent’s perspective prompted children to offer more in the Ultimatum Game, but only when their cognitive flexibility was low.
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认知灵活性调节了心理理论和儿童在最后通牒游戏中的提供之间的联系(认知灵活性调节了心理理论和儿童在最后通牒游戏中的提供之间的关系)
摘要本研究考察了儿童在最后通牒博弈中策略出价的认知预测因素和约束条件。最后通牒博弈是关于两个人之间分配给定奖励的一次谈判,其中接收者有权通过拒绝不公平的提议来惩罚提议者,这导致任何一方都没有奖励。94名3至6岁的香港儿童(48名女孩,M = 4.94, SD = 0.90)参与了最后通牒游戏,以及测量心理理论、认知灵活性、抑制控制和语言能力的任务。用错误信念理解任务来衡量的儿童的心智理论与他们的最后通牒游戏呈正相关。回归分析进一步表明,认知灵活性调节了最后通牒博弈中错误信念理解与儿童出价之间的关系。在最后通牒游戏中,能够站在对手的角度考虑问题,会促使孩子们提供更多的东西,但只有当他们的认知灵活性较低时才会如此。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
12.50%
发文量
25
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