Successful Experience of Fecal Transplantation in a Patient with Severe Pseudomembranous Colitis

Abstract

Introduction. At the present time there is increase the number of patients diagnosed with pseudomembranous colitis due to Clostridiodes difficile, respectively it significantly increases the frequency of hospitalizations, the length of hos - pital stay and the cost of treatment. Approved drug methods for correcting a pathological condition are not always able to lead to recovery after the first use, repeated and prolonged courses of therapy are often required, especially with recurrent Clostridiodes difficile. An alternative way of treatment is fecal microbiota transplantation from a donor. Nowadays, fecal microbiota transplantation is included in national clinical guidelines in several countries in Europe, the USA and Australia. In Russia this method has not been registered, however, there are some publications about its successful application in gastrointestinal diseases, oncohematology, and some autoimmune diseases. Aim. To show the result of successful treatment of severe pseudomembranous colitis after a single fecal microbiota transplantation. Material and methods. Outpatient treatment of an acute respiratory infection with a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug caused the development of severe pseudomembranous colitis in a young patient. Standard courses of metronidazole and vancomycin were unsuccessful. Transplantation of fecal microbiota from a donor was performed via ileocolonoscopy. Results. A single fecal microbiota transplantation contributed to the patient’s complete recovery, short term rehabilita tion and the absence of recurrence of Clostridiodes difficile within two years. Conclusions. Evidence-based medicine has shown the high efficiency of fecal microbiota transplantation. In Russia a legislative basis is needed for including fecal microbiota transplantation in clinical guidelines for the treatment of severe Clostridiodes difficile resistant to standard therapy.