Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis in Dizygotic Twins: A Case Report and a Review of Literature

Abstract

There is a large body of literature supporting the heritable nature of endometriosis. Although there is significant evidence demonstrating the heritability of endometriosis, there is little to no evidence demonstrating the role of heritability in patients with Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis (DIE). We present a case of two 26-year-old G0 dizygotic twins with almost identical severe posterior compartment DIE who both underwent fertility sparing laparoscopic excision of DIE. This case demonstrates an almost identical presentation of DIE in dizygotic twins. Both patients had disease manifestation in their mid 20s, similar symptomatology, almost identical intraoperative findings, and the same improvement in pain following the procedure. Although this case study further contributes to the large body of literature demonstrating the heritability of endometriosis, this is the first case study demonstrating a striking resemblance of rectovaginal DIE in dizygotic twins.