Glycosylasparaginase Inhibition Studies: Competitive Inhibitors, Transition State Mimics, Noncompetitive Inhibitors

Abstract

Glycosylasparaginase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the N-glycosylic bond between asparagine and N-acetylglucosamine in the catabolism of N-linked glycoproteins. Previously only three competitive inhibitors, one noncompetitive inhibitor, and one irreversible inhibitor of glycosylasparaginase activity had been reported. Using human glycosylasparaginase from human amniotic fluid, L-aspartic acid and four of its analogues, where the a-amino group was substituted with a chloro, bromo, methyl or hydrogen, were competitive inhibitors having K, values between 0.6–7.7 mM. These results provide supporting evidence for a proposed intramolecular autoproteolytic activation reaction. A proposed phosphono transition state mimic and a sulfo transition state mimic were competitive inhibitors with Ki values 0.9 mM and 1.4 mM, respectively. These results support a mechanism for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction involving formation of a tetra-hedral high-energy intermediate. Three analogues of the natural substrate were noncompetitive inhibitors with Ki values between 0.56–0.75 mM, indicating the presence of a second binding site that may recognize (substituted)acetamido groups.