Cyclic orthogonal codes in CDMA-based asynchronous Wireless Body Area Networks

Abstract

This work considers a CDMA-based Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) where multiple biosensors communicate simultaneously to a central node in an asynchronous fashion. The main goal of this paper is to present an augmentation protocol for the physical layer of the IEEE 802.15.6 specifications with focus on the Multiple Access Interference (MAI) mitigation in a proactive WBAN. The proposed methodology uses a new set of orthogonal codes from the conventional Walsh-Hadamard matrix which has the special property of “cyclic orthogonality”. This property ensures that the asynchronous nature of the WBAN does not produce MAI amongst the multiple on-body sensors. The work investigates the optimality of such codes in WBANs from the link Bit Error Rate (BER) performance. We show that the proposed spreading codes outperform conventional non-cyclic orthogonal spreading codes in a practical Rayleigh fading environment.