A 7-month inhalation toxicology study in C57BL/6 mice demonstrates reduced pulmonary inflammation and emphysematous changes following smoking cessation or switching to e-vapor products

Ashutosh Kumar, U. Kogel, M. Talikka, Céline Merg, E. Guedj, Yang Xiang, A. Kondylis, B. Titz, N. Ivanov, J. Hoeng, M. Peitsch, Joshua Allen, Amit Gupta, A. Skowronek, K. M. Lee
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Cigarette smoking causes serious diseases, including lung cancer, atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. While cessation remains the most effective approach to minimize smoking-related disease, alternative non-combustible tobacco-derived nicotine-containing products may reduce disease risks among those unable or unwilling to quit. E-vapor aerosols typically contain significantly lower levels of smoke-related harmful and potentially harmful constituents; however, health risks of long-term inhalation exposures are unknown. We designed a 7-month inhalation study in C57BL/6 mice to evaluate long-term respiratory toxicity of e-vapor aerosols compared to cigarette smoke and to assess the impact of smoking cessation (Cessation group) or switching to an e-vapor product (Switching group) after 3 months of exposure to 3R4F cigarette smoke (CS). There were no significant changes in in-life observations (body weights, clinical signs) in e-vapor groups compared to the Sham Control. The 3R4F CS group showed reduced respiratory function during exposure and had lower body weight and showed transient signs of distress post-exposure. Following 7 months of exposure, e-vapor aerosols resulted in no or minimal increase in pulmonary inflammation, while exposure to 3R4F CS led to impairment of lung function and caused marked lung inflammation and emphysematous changes. Biological changes observed in the Switching group were similar to the Cessation group. 3R4F CS exposure dysregulated the lung and nasal tissue transcriptome, while these molecular effects were substantially lower in the e-vapor group. Results from this study demonstrate that in comparison with 3R4F CS, e-vapor aerosols induce substantially lower biological responses including pulmonary inflammation and emphysematous changes, and that complete switching from CS to e-vapor products significantly reduces biological changes associated with CS in C57BL/6 mice.
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一项为期7个月的C57BL/6小鼠吸入毒理学研究表明,戒烟或改用电子烟产品后,肺部炎症和肺气肿变化减少
吸烟会导致严重的疾病,包括肺癌、冠状动脉粥样硬化性疾病、周围血管疾病、慢性支气管炎和肺气肿。虽然戒烟仍然是尽量减少吸烟相关疾病的最有效方法,但替代的不可燃烟草衍生的含尼古丁产品可能会降低那些不能或不愿戒烟的人的疾病风险。电子蒸汽气溶胶通常含有明显较低水平的与烟雾有关的有害和潜在有害成分;然而,长期吸入暴露的健康风险尚不清楚。我们设计了一项为期7个月的C57BL/6小鼠吸入研究,以评估与卷烟烟雾相比,电子蒸汽气溶胶的长期呼吸毒性,并评估在暴露于3R4F卷烟烟雾(CS) 3个月后戒烟(戒烟组)或转向电子蒸汽产品(切换组)的影响。与假对照组相比,电子烟组在生活观察(体重、临床体征)方面没有显著变化。3r4fcs组在暴露期间呼吸功能下降,体重下降,暴露后出现短暂的窘迫迹象。暴露于电子蒸汽气溶胶7个月后,肺部炎症没有或只有轻微的增加,而暴露于3R4F CS导致肺功能受损,并引起明显的肺部炎症和肺气肿变化。切换组观察到的生物学变化与戒烟组相似。3r4fcs暴露会导致肺和鼻组织转录组失调,而电子烟组的这些分子效应明显较低。本研究结果表明,与3R4F CS相比,电子蒸汽气溶胶诱导的包括肺部炎症和肺气肿变化在内的生物反应明显较低,并且在C57BL/6小鼠中,从CS完全转换为电子蒸汽产品可显著降低与CS相关的生物变化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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