Behavioral effects of benzodiazepines: A review

R. Dantzer
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引用次数: 168

Abstract

The effects of benzodiazepines on conditioned and unconditioned behavior are reviewed. These compounds appear to decrease the suppressive effects of aversive stimuli such as electric shock or nonreward on behavior, a result usually related to their anxiolytic activity in human medicine. However they do not attenuate but rather increase the facilitatory effects of aversive stimuli on behavior. This last result points out the role played by changes at the response level and it is suggested, from the available evidence, that benzodiazepines induce response perseveration by preferentially interfering with the response-produced feedbacks. This effect is further complicated by the role of drug factors and the possibility of the drug treatment to combine to environmental cues and induce state-dependency. Further work is needed to examine the interference of benzodiazepines treatment with the facilitatory effects of aversive stimuli on behavior on one hand, and to determine the respective role of exteroceptive cues and response-produced feedbacks on the other hand.

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苯二氮卓类药物的行为影响:综述
综述了苯二氮卓类药物对条件行为和非条件行为的影响。这些化合物似乎可以减少诸如电击或无奖励等厌恶刺激对行为的抑制作用,这一结果通常与人类医学中的抗焦虑活性有关。然而,它们不会减弱反而会增加厌恶刺激对行为的促进作用。最后一个结果指出了反应水平变化所起的作用,并从现有证据表明,苯二氮卓类药物通过优先干扰反应产生的反馈来诱导反应持久性。药物因素的作用和药物治疗与环境因素结合并诱发状态依赖的可能性使这种效应进一步复杂化。需要进一步研究苯二氮卓类药物治疗与厌恶刺激对行为的促进作用的干扰,以及确定外感受线索和反应产生的反馈各自的作用。
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