Epidemiological Aspect of Colorectal cancer: A Retrospective Study in Sidi-Bel-Abbes Wilaya, Western Algeria

Abstract

Background : Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered the third most common cancer worldwide, the second leading cause of death and represents a major public health problem in many countries. Patients and Methods : We undertook a retrospective study survey by reviewing files from the Medical Oncology Department of Hassani Abdelkader Hospital of Sidi Bel Abbes, during a period from January 2011 to February 2016, with the aim of studying the epidemiological, clinical, anatomopathological and therapeutic aspects of CRC. Results : a total of 236 patients of both sexes suffering from CRC were involved, Our study revealed a significant increase in incidence, a male predominance (sex ratio = 1.27), and a prevalent age range between 45-60 years old with a mean age of 58.25±13.78. Colon cancer represents 2/3, and rectal cancer represents 1/3 of our sample (respectively: 67, 8% and 32, 2%). Tobacco and alcohol consumption were studied as risk factors. Loss of weight, asthenia, anorexia, transit disorders, abdominal pain and faecal blood were the main involved clinical signs. We recorded a predominance of budding tumor forms (44.44%). Histologically: well-differentiated adenocarcinoma type is the most common (55%). We noted the presence of liver and lung metastases mainly. 76% of our patients underwent surgery, and Adjuvant chemotherapy was the main treatment for this type of cancer. Conclusion : According to the present study, we can affirm that our patients were victims of a late diagnosis due to the ignorance of their pathology, which unfortunately was already present at the time of the examinations.