Monitoring Environmental Pathways of Trace Elements in the Northern East Area of Egypt

M. Bassouny, M. Abbas
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Nile Delta aquifer is one of the largest aquifers worldwide that receives the agrochemical leachates from the surrounding environments. To assess the status of some trace-elements (As, Co Cd, Pb, Cu and Ni) in the North-East area of Egypt, well-water samples beside of surface, subsurface and deep-soil-samples were collected from 17 different locations to represent three environmental-pathways: the first one signifies areas relatively nearby Damietta-branch, while the third pathway stands for the arable lands nearby Ismaellia-canal. The second pathway is in-between these two pathways. Furthermore, a reference soil (irrigated with fresh-Nile-water) was sampled for data comparison. These samples were estimated for their total and AB-DTPA-extractable contents of the aforementioned trace elements (TEs). Results revealed that AB-DTPA-extractable-TEs were in dynamic equilibrium with the corresponding soluble contents in irrigation water. Likewise, AB-DTPA-extractable-TEs significantly correlated with their corresponding total contents in soil. Concentrations of TEs in surface-soil-layer were higher than the corresponding ones in the subsurface and deep-soil-layers. The calculated values of contamination factor indicated moderate to very high levels of soil contamination with TEs. According to principal component analysis, total and AB-DTPA-extractable-TEs in soil were affected by only one-principal-component, recording 86.13 % of the data variance. This indicates that these contaminants originated probably from the same source. Moreover, multivariate-analyses revealed that total TEs significantly and positively correlated with soil hydraulic conductivity and bulk density, while negatively correlated with exchangeable sodium percentage, clay and organic matter contents. These results indicate that the groundwater flow is the potential source that enriched soils with TEs.
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埃及北部东部地区微量元素环境路径监测
尼罗河三角洲含水层是世界上最大的含水层之一,接收来自周围环境的农用化学品渗滤液。为了评估埃及东北部地区一些微量元素(As, Co, Cd, Pb, Cu和Ni)的状况,从17个不同地点收集了地表、地下和深层土壤样品旁边的井水样品,代表了三个环境路径:第一个路径代表了Damietta-branch附近的区域,而第三个路径代表了Ismaellia-canal附近的耕地。第二种途径在这两种途径之间。此外,还采样了一个参考土壤(用尼罗河淡水灌溉)进行数据比较。对这些样品进行了上述微量元素(TEs)的总含量和ab - dtpa可提取含量的估计。结果表明,ab - dtpa -萃取物- tes与灌溉水中相应的可溶性含量处于动态平衡状态。同样,ab - dtpa -萃取- tes与其土壤中相应的总含量呈显著相关。土壤表层TEs浓度高于深层和次表层。污染系数的计算值表明TEs对土壤的污染程度为中等至非常高。主成分分析表明,土壤中total和AB-DTPA-extractable-TEs仅受一个主成分的影响,占数据方差的86.13%。这表明这些污染物可能来自同一来源。此外,多变量分析表明,总TEs与土壤导水性和容重呈显著正相关,与交换性钠百分比、粘土和有机质含量呈负相关。这些结果表明,地下水是土壤TEs富集的潜在来源。
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