Narrative Review of Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Adults in Intensive Care

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background Seizures are common in the Neurocritical Intensive Care Unit. Early identification and treatment of clinical and sub-clinical seizures remain important in managing the neurologically critically ill patient. Aim The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the different types of sub-clinical seizures, diagnosis and detection, correlative physiology, and the importance of prompt treatment. Methods A group of physicians, advanced practice providers, and pharmacists performed a literature search based on their area of expertise and provided the most relevant evidence for the narrative review. Findings There are many types of subclinical seizures and pharmaceutical interventions. Seizures can be complex and early treatment is crucial to good outcomes. Conclusions This review is a narrative overview of sub-clinical seizures seen in the Neurocritical care unit. It is written for all practicing providers to describe the physiology, identification, and treatment of sub-clinical seizures to facilitate improved patient outcomes.