Evaluating the Inhibitory Effects of Colchicine and Propranolol on Toxoplasma gondii Entrance into Host Cells in vitro and in vivo

Abstract

Article Type Original Article Authors Ahmad Daryani, PhD1 Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh, PhD2 Abdol Sattar Pagheh, PhD3 Mahdi Sharif, PhD1 Shahabeddin Sarvi, PhD1 Ehsan Ahmadpour, PhD4 Sargis Aghayan, PhD5 Fatemeh Rezaei, PhD6* How to cite this article Daryani A., Ebrahimzadeh MA., Pagheh AS., Sharif M., Sarvi SH., Ahmadpour E., Aghayan S., Rezaei F. Evaluating the Inhibitory Effects of Colchicine and Propranolol on Toxoplasma gondii Entrance into Host Cells in vitro and in vivo. Infection Epidemiology and Microbiology. 2022;8(3): 251-258 1 Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 2 Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 3 Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran 4 Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 5 Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Republic of Armenia. 6 Islamic Azad University of Chalous Branch, Chalous, Iran * Correspondence Islamic Azad University of Chalous Branch, Chalous, Iran, PC 4816895475, Sari, Iran. Email: rezaei63@iauc.ac.ir Article History Received: February 07 ,2022 Accepted: July 20 ,2022 Published: September 19 ,2022 Backgrounds: Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite of increasing concern to humans and animals. Considering the side effects of drugs used to treat toxoplasmosis, it is essential to find alternative drugs. Materials & Methods: In this study, colchicine and propranolol at four concentrations (1, 5, 10, and 15 μg/mL) were added to the RPMI medium containing peritoneal macrophages and incubated for 60 min, Then tachyzoites were added to the medium, and the efficacy rates of colchicine and propranolol in inhibiting tachyzoites entry into macrophages were evaluated after 30 and 60 min. For in vivo assay, one group received no drugs, and the second group was treated with colchicine and propranolol at different concentrations for different durations. Findings: The in vitro experiment showed that treatment with 15 mg/mL of colchicine and propranolol for 60 min following tachyzoites addition was the most efficient method to inhibit tachyzoites penetration, indicating the efficacy rates of 80.20%±1.20 and 89.97%±1.30, respectively (p< .05). Based on the in vivo test, pretreatment with 2 mg/kg of colchicine one hour before tachyzoites injection had the best inhibitory effect (70.32%±4.07). Also, pretreatment with 2 mg/kg of propranolol 90 min before tachyzoites injection (78.54%±1.99) induced the best inhibitory effect (p< .05). Conclusion: According to the results, colchicine and propranolol could inhibit tachyzoites entrance into nucleated cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the most efficient concentrations and times for using these substances were determined. Copyright@ 2022, TMU Press. This open-access article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License which permits Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) under the Attribution-NonCommercial terms. 10.52547/iem.8.3.251