Chemical and Biological Assessments of the Essential Oils of Chrysophyllum albidum G. Don

Abstract

The chemical compositions of the essential oils obtained from six tree parts of Chrysophyllum albidum (Sapotaceae) were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 65, 33, 45, 21, 25 and 18 compounds, representing 79.49%, 100%, 90.81%, 98.43%, 96.62% and 98.37% of the total oil, were identified in the fruit bark, root bark, stem bark, seed bark, leaf and seed, respectively. The dominant compounds in the essential oils in six tree parts were m-xylene (66.7%; seed), p-xylene (21.4%; seed bark), α-farnesene (38.1%; leaf), hexadecanoic acid (14.7%; stem bark), m-xylene (53.1%; root bark) and hexadecanoic acid (12.7%; fruit bark). The essential oils were evaluated for their antibacterial, antioxidant and insecticidal activities using Alamar blue assay, DPPH radical scavenging activity and contact toxicity test, respectively. The oils displayed moderate antibacterial potentials to some tested organisms and low radical scavenging activity to DPPH. Rhyzopertha dominica was susceptible to C. albidum stem bark essential oil only.