The current state and potential direction of cannabis research

Abstract

Abstract Cannabis sativa has long been linked as a medicinal treatment to many conditions such as cancer, epilepsy, bone fracture healing, anti-inflammatory response, neuro-degenerative disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS), and rheumatoid arthritis. This article discusses the underlying conditions that are significantly controlled or modulated by cannabis. The primary components that have been isolated from cannabis are the psychoactive cannabinoid Δ (9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Both cannabinoids bind directly to endocannabinoid receptors that are located abundantly in the nervous system and visceral organs. Cannabis has also been used as a treatment to manage pain for chemotherapy patients and induce hunger in HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) positive patients. Cannabis has received vast amounts of attention because of its effect on treating epilepsy. Although the biochemical pathway for this is not yet known, the current evidence in favor of this treatment has opened the door for further research. Finally, the cannabis terpenoids that have been isolated from cannabis sativa are discussed as a future focal point for cannabis research. This review article sets to provide the medical community with a broad synopsis of recent research trials on Cannabis sativa that have indicated its medicinal benefits. The removal of the Public Health Service (PHS) Review, which has inhibited government funding and access to research samples, is an imperative step for obtaining further knowledge into the biochemical pathways and effects of medical cannabis.