The Problem of the Subject and Object of Cognition in Postnonclassical Science

Abstract

The article clarifies the change in the content and essence of subject-object relations in different periods of the development of scientific knowledge. The analysis of the main interpretations of the concept of “subject” in post-non-classical science is carried out. Attention is drawn to the negative consequences for scientific cognition of attempts on the one hand to break the irreducible unity of subject-object relations, and on the other - to bring this unity to a complete fusion of components. The authors, based on the evolutionary connection between the formation of human consciousness and cognition in the process of activity, reveal the main determinants of the evolution of subject-object relations.