Radioecological monitoring of the area surrounding the Leningrad NPP: results evaluation

V. Kuznetsov, P. N. Tsygvintsev, N. Sanzharova, A. Panov
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The paper presents results of long-term monitoring of radioecological situation in the area sur-rounding the Leningrad NPP (LNPP), that covers the periods before the Chernobyl accident (1980-1985), during and immediately after the accident (1986-1992) and the late period (2013-2014). After the Chernobyl accident the enhanced radioactivity level in the environment including soil and vegetation was registered in the area surrounded the Leningrad NPP. Several test points for sampling were selected inside the 30-km zone around the LNPP. Before the accident, in 1985, 137Cs soil contamination density was 3 kBq/m2; immediately after the accident, in 1986, the contamination density increased by 10 fold. In the late period, in 2013, the 137Cs soil contamina-tion density reduced significantly, however it exceeded the levels registered in 1985 by 2.6-7.3 times. 90Sr soil contamination density was 1.4-1.6 kBq/m2 both before and after the accident (1985-1992). The presence of artificial radionuclides in agricultural produce before 1985 was caused by global radioactive fall-outs, however no radionuclides emissions from the Leningrad NPP were registered. Average 137Cs content in grain and intertilled crops exceeded their content before 1986 by 19-44 times; the high content was associated with the contamination of the vege-tation by airway. The 137Cs content in agricultural produce is still higher than the level registered before the Chernobyl accident by 1.4-2.1 times, but the current levels are many times less than the current acceptable level. The levels exceeding the acceptable magnitude are found in wild berries only, that grow in some swampland with 137Cs soil contamination density of 3-9 kBq/m2 near the LNPP. Dynamics of transfer factors of 90Sr and 137Cs from soil to agricultural produce in the LNPP area was evaluated. The soil properties and the Chernobyl fall-out are shown to affect the factor magnitude. Presented data demonstrate that the Leningrad NPP operating in the standard way does not influence strongly on radiological situation in the 30-km zone around the NPP.
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列宁格勒核电站周围地区的放射生态学监测:结果评价
本文介绍了列宁格勒核电站(LNPP)周围地区辐射生态状况的长期监测结果,包括切尔诺贝利事故发生前(1980-1985年)、事故发生期间和事故发生后(1986-1992年)和后期(2013-2014年)。切尔诺贝利事故发生后,列宁格勒核电站周围地区的环境,包括土壤和植被的放射性水平都有所提高。在LNPP周围30公里的区域内选择了几个测试点进行采样。事故发生前,1985年137Cs土壤污染密度为3 kBq/m2;事故发生后不久,1986年,污染密度增加了10倍。后期2013年137Cs土壤污染密度明显下降,但仍比1985年高出2.6 ~ 7.3倍。事故前后(1985 ~ 1992年)90Sr土壤污染密度为1.4 ~ 1.6 kBq/m2。1985年以前,农产品中存在人工放射性核素是由全球放射性沉降引起的,但列宁格勒核电站没有记录放射性核素排放。粮食和间作作物的平均137Cs含量是1986年以前的19-44倍;高含量与气道对植被的污染有关。农产品中的137Cs含量仍比切尔诺贝利事故前的水平高出1.4-2.1倍,但目前的水平比目前可接受的水平低很多倍。超过可接受水平的只有野生浆果,它们生长在靠近LNPP的一些土壤污染密度为3-9 kBq/m2的137Cs沼泽中。评价了LNPP地区土壤中90Sr和137Cs向农产品转移因子的动态。土壤性质和切尔诺贝利放射性尘埃显示影响因子的大小。所提供的数据表明,列宁格勒核电站以标准方式运行对核电站周围30公里区域的辐射状况没有太大影响。
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