Optimization of the Parameters of the Heat Network Under a Reduced Temperature Schedule

Abstract

. Analysis of the efficiency of central heat supply systems in Ukraine shows that in modern economic conditions, the trend of heat supply systems can develop in the following areas: the use of reduced parameters of the temperature of heat carrier, regulation and automation equipment, the use of condensation flows with deep cooling of combustion products of bio-fuel boilers, the use of vapor compression and absorption heat pumps, use of secondary energy resources of industrial enterprises, cogeneration plants, increased thermal performance of buildings. It is known that the ideal heat energy technology enterprise should use electricity, which is produced on its own secondary thermal resources. Therefore, it is necessary to replace equipment that uses expensive forms of energy with alternative ones. These technologies include chillers and heat pumps that use absorption processes. Heat pumps have a great advantage due to the insignificant cost of energy resources. The need for their use was absent earlier, since heating could be carried out using alternative technologies that were more accepted, and there was no economic necessity in utilizing low-potential heat fluxes. At present, the situation has changed and there is a need to get acquainted with the above-mentioned installations, the potential of which in industry is only starting to use. The absorption reverse cycle, known for several decades, make it possible to replace more expensive and difficult-to-operate compression machines, which cause great harm to the environment. They uses heat energy to compensate the violation of the direction of natural heat transfer. As it is shown on the basis of the analysis of operation parameters of boilers, modernization using these measures can significantly improve the economic and technical characteristics of heat-generating equipment. In the work, two schemes of using the absorption heat pumps for deep cooling of combustion products are proposed. The operation conditions of them are shown. The economy of fuel is very significant - 25...40 %.