« Ad obsequium divinum inhabilem », la reconnaissance de la condition de personne infirme par la chancellerie pontificale (XIIe – XIVe siècles)

Abstract

The petitions received and the letters sent by the Papal Chancery between the 12th–14th century attest the recognition of invalidity by the Papacy. They acknowledge the existence of a physical or mental infirmity and allow the supplicant to adapt his or her missions of cleric or Christian according to his or her abilities. These documents lie at the boundary between the institutional word and practical sources. Supplicant's solicitations bring about an intense and complex epistolary production, whose main actors are the disabled individuals and the curial and ecclesiastical personnel. They reveal the specific legislation of the institution and lead to a definition of infirmity by the Papal Chancery, one that categorizes invalid bodies according to their physical or mental condition. Curia's replies to solicitations, based on a case law system, constitute further evidence of the recognition of the disabled person's condition. The supplications and letters thus constitute an excellent laboratory of analysis to study medieval disability in its relation to the Papacy as an institution.