Evaluation of the efficacy of paravertebral blockade as a component of combined anesthesia in the surgical treatment of pulmonary cancer

Abstract

The aim. The paper evaluates the effectiveness of implemented combined anaesthesia (inhalation with paravertebral blockade) in comparison with inhalation anaesthesia (IA) and total intravenous anaesthesia (TVA) at the stages of surgery and the early postoperative period in the surgical treatment of cancer lungs. Methods. The study involved 60 patients with an average age of 55±5.6 years, physical status ASA II–III, who underwent open surgical interventions in the scope of frontal or pneumonectomy or resection of part of the lung. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the method of anaesthetic support at the stage of anaesthesia maintenance: I (n=20) – combined anaesthesia was used; II (n=20) – IA with sevoflurane; III (n=20) – TVA. In addition, the leading indicators of central hemodynamics were studied; oxygen saturation (SaO2), CO2 ET (concentration of CO2 in exhaled air), cortisol level, and indicators of acid-base status were determined. The effectiveness of analgesia in the early postoperative period was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) at 10 control stages. Fasting intensity was recorded after waking up, after extubation, after 1 h. after surgery, on the first day after surgery every 3 h. and once a day from the 2nd day for 5-6 days. Results. The studied clinical and laboratory indicators indicated an adequate course of the applied type of anaesthesia. In the dynamics of pain syndrome (PS) in the postoperative period, a gradual subjective increase of pain syndrome was noted until the 3rd day, including a decrease in pain on the 4th - 6th day. It was established that when using combined anaesthesia, a less significant level of PS, according to VAS, was noted compared to inhalation anaesthesia and the use of TVA. Conclusions. Combined anaesthesia (inhalation with PVB) can more effectively prevent the development of post-thoracotomy pain syndrome (PTPS) compared to TVA and IA in the surgical treatment of lung cancer