Metabolomics in Periodontal Disease - A Mini Review

Arif Siddiqui, Deepa D Deepa D, Shalabh Mehrotra, Anjali Sharma
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Abstract

Periodontitis is the most common oral disease. It is a chronic disease that is characterised by the destruction of the tissues. It is caused by multifactorial aetiology. Variation in host metabolism and microbes results in the development of periodontitis. Saliva provides us with a protective role of lubrication, neutralizing the pH, mineralising the bones and fighting microbes in a diseased oral cavity. We need to identify metabolites in saliva to know the aetiology and stage of periodontitis. Some metabolites may help in the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis. Various classes of the biochemicals like amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, nuclear peptides, dipeptides are changed in periodontitis. Most importantly, there is an increase in the levels of protease, glycosidase and lipase activity in chronic periodontal disease that forms the most favourable time for the growth of bacteria. There is a deficiency in contempered screening methods. Therefore, we should understand the arising need for metabolites for better diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis.
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牙周病代谢组学研究综述
牙周炎是最常见的口腔疾病。这是一种以组织破坏为特征的慢性疾病。它是由多因素病因引起的。宿主代谢和微生物的变化导致牙周炎的发展。唾液为我们提供润滑的保护作用,中和pH值,使骨骼矿化,并在患病的口腔中对抗微生物。我们需要鉴定唾液中的代谢物来了解牙周炎的病因和分期。一些代谢物可能有助于牙周炎的诊断和治疗。各种生物化学物质如氨基酸、脂类、碳水化合物、核肽、二肽在牙周炎中发生变化。最重要的是,慢性牙周病患者的蛋白酶、糖苷酶和脂肪酶活性水平增加,这为细菌的生长形成了最有利的时间。考虑到筛选方法的不足。因此,我们应该了解对代谢物的需求,以便更好地诊断和治疗牙周炎。
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