Krill: The invention of a global resource in the long 1970s

IF 0.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Global Environment Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI:10.3197/GE.2020.130306

Christian Kehrt

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Krill, a little shrimp best known as a food source for whales and seals, occupies a central role in the food chain of the oceans. In the 1970s it gained increased attention as a potential food source for humans as well. With its supposedly inexhaustible amounts of biomass, Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) seemed to be a feasible alternative to fish, whose populations were suffering from overharvesting, and promised to provide enough protein for a growing world population at a time when the limits to growth were an issue of great political concern. Krill is a key object that brings together different actors from science, politics, and industry in a global struggle for living resources. There were many scientific and especially technical questions to be solved concerning the harvesting and processing of krill that will be addressed in this paper. I will argue that there were biological as well as cultural limits to these far-reaching technocratic visions that were not fully taken into account by fisheries experts in the 1970s.

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磷虾:在漫长的20世纪70年代发明的一种全球性资源

磷虾是一种小虾，是鲸鱼和海豹的食物来源，在海洋食物链中占据着中心地位。在20世纪70年代，它作为一种潜在的人类食物来源而受到越来越多的关注。南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)被认为拥有取之不尽的生物量，似乎是鱼类的可行替代品，而鱼类的种群正遭受过度捕捞的痛苦，并且有望为不断增长的世界人口提供足够的蛋白质，当时增长的限制是一个巨大的政治问题。磷虾是一个关键的目标，它汇集了来自科学、政治和工业的不同参与者，在全球争夺生物资源的斗争中。在磷虾的收获和加工过程中，存在着许多亟待解决的科学问题，特别是技术问题。我认为，这些影响深远的技术官僚愿景存在生物和文化上的限制，而这些限制在20世纪70年代没有被渔业专家充分考虑到。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Global Environment ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-

CiteScore

0.50

自引率

25.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The half-yearly journal Global Environment: A Journal of History and Natural and Social Sciences acts as a forum and echo chamber for ongoing studies on the environment and world history, with special focus on modern and contemporary topics. Our intent is to gather and stimulate scholarship that, despite a diversity of approaches and themes, shares an environmental perspective on world history in its various facets, including economic development, social relations, production government, and international relations. One of the journal’s main commitments is to bring together different areas of expertise in both the natural and the social sciences to facilitate a common language and a common perspective in the study of history. This commitment is fulfilled by way of peer-reviewed research articles and also by interviews and other special features. Global Environment strives to transcend the western-centric and ‘developist’ bias that has dominated international environmental historiography so far and to favour the emergence of spatially and culturally diversified points of view. It seeks to replace the notion of ‘hierarchy’ with those of ‘relationship’ and ‘exchange’ – between continents, states, regions, cities, central zones and peripheral areas – in studying the construction or destruction of environments and ecosystems.