Assessment of The Therapeutic Role of Mangifera indica Leaves Extract in Diabetic Albino Rats

Abstract

Because synthetic antidiabetic medications have undesirable side effects and are expensive, various studies on medicinal plants with hypoglycemic properties have continued looking for alternative ways to prevent and manage type 2 diabetes (T2D) that may be more efficient, cost-effective and secure. Efficient bioactive substances such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, saponins, cardiac glycosides, and steroids were discovered in Mangifera indica leaves (MIL). The study's goal was to evaluate the MIL's therapeutic potential in diabetic rats treated with streptozotocin (STZ). In the experiment, forty male adult albino rats were employed. The animals were separated into four groups, each with ten rats, and evaluated as follows: group 1 (healthy control, HC); group 2 (untreated diabetic, UD); group 3 (mango treated diabetic, MTD); and group 4 (mango treated, MT). After 8 weeks of MIL extract administration, blood samples were taken to assess several biochemical and hematological markers. The treatment of MIL extract in diabetic rats resulted in significant reductions in blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA-1c), and amylase enzyme activity. The levels of insulin, vitamin C, and vitamin E were significantly increased with MIL extract treatment. Further, the extract showed significant antihyperlipidemic activity and renoprotective and hepatoprotective effects in diabetic rats. These findings suggested a beneficial effect of MIL extract in the treatment of T2D associated with hyperlipidemia, and liver and kidney complications.