Pub Date : 2023-10-29DOI: 10.21608/eajbsz.2023.322906
Amin Hamada, Sayed Bakri, Ahmed Belal, Amira Abdel Ghany
Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy during at least 12 months of consistent and unprotected sexual intercourse. This condition is characterized as a dysfunction of the reproductive system. Only men are thought to be involved in 45% of infertility cases, whereas 20% include both men and women. Male infertility is known to be influenced by variable lifestyle factors like smoking, radiation, or radioactive exposure that may harm biological tissue organs, such as the testis. Although there appears to be a link between increasing exposure to radiofrequency on mobile phones and decreased sperm quality, the evidence is not inconclusive. The primary lifestyle elements that contribute to a decline in male reproductive health are taken into account. These include aging, obesity, poor diet, inactivity, smoking, excessive alcohol use, stress, and low-level radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation (from mobile phones and portable computers). This work aims to study the influence of smoking and electromagnetic radiation on the efficiency of fertility in males, their effect on sperm quality and efficiency, and fertilization rate. The study population included 100 couples who were referred to Al Azhar University's International Islamic Center for Population Studies and Research's Fertility Clinic for assisted reproduction. The obtained results showed that the smoking male recorded a remarkable decline in sperm count and motility, fertilization rate, and embryo grading. The multifactor group recorded the same results, in addition to a significant increase in abnormal sperm morphology. Conclusion: Personal wrong lifestyles such as smoking and exposure to electromagnetic waves led to a decline in male reproductive health and reduced sperm count, motility, morphology, fertilization rate, and embryo quality.
{"title":"The Effect of Some Lifestyle Behaviours on Male Fertility and Their Effect on Sperm Quality and Linking Its Quality to Fertilization During Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)","authors":"Amin Hamada, Sayed Bakri, Ahmed Belal, Amira Abdel Ghany","doi":"10.21608/eajbsz.2023.322906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2023.322906","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy during at least 12 months of consistent and unprotected sexual intercourse. This condition is characterized as a dysfunction of the reproductive system. Only men are thought to be involved in 45% of infertility cases, whereas 20% include both men and women. Male infertility is known to be influenced by variable lifestyle factors like smoking, radiation, or radioactive exposure that may harm biological tissue organs, such as the testis. Although there appears to be a link between increasing exposure to radiofrequency on mobile phones and decreased sperm quality, the evidence is not inconclusive. The primary lifestyle elements that contribute to a decline in male reproductive health are taken into account. These include aging, obesity, poor diet, inactivity, smoking, excessive alcohol use, stress, and low-level radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation (from mobile phones and portable computers). This work aims to study the influence of smoking and electromagnetic radiation on the efficiency of fertility in males, their effect on sperm quality and efficiency, and fertilization rate. The study population included 100 couples who were referred to Al Azhar University's International Islamic Center for Population Studies and Research's Fertility Clinic for assisted reproduction. The obtained results showed that the smoking male recorded a remarkable decline in sperm count and motility, fertilization rate, and embryo grading. The multifactor group recorded the same results, in addition to a significant increase in abnormal sperm morphology. Conclusion: Personal wrong lifestyles such as smoking and exposure to electromagnetic waves led to a decline in male reproductive health and reduced sperm count, motility, morphology, fertilization rate, and embryo quality.","PeriodicalId":34551,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences B Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-21DOI: 10.21608/eajbsz.2023.322135
Taher Y., A. Kassab, A. Sobeiha, A. Mahgoob, U. Elkelany
This study was conducted to evaluate the role of certain abiotic and biotic inducers in inducing cucumber resistance against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita , under greenhouse conditions. The abiotic inducers comprised acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and Indole acetic acid (IAA) while the biotic inducer was Bacillus pumilus (B.P.). The results revealed that, among all treatments, the double combinations of IAA before B.P. by 3 days as well as ASA before B.P.by 3 days showed the best treatments to increase plant resistance against Meloidogyne incognita infection and improved plant vigor based on fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots compared to using them individually and control inoculated non-treated plants. A generalized increase was observed in the peroxidase activities and in proline amino acids and total phenols due to the application of the investigated inducer. The degree of increase differed according to treatment and biochemical aspects. The overproduction of these biochemical aspects may play a part in the induction of plant defenses against nematode infestation. In conclusion, the development of safety control measures by inducing plant resistance will protect a wide range of plant crops against nematode threats and can be used in integrated pest management programs.
{"title":"Induced Cucumber Plant Resistance to Meloidogyne incognita By Certain Biotic and Abiotic Inducers in Relation to Some Biochemical.","authors":"Taher Y., A. Kassab, A. Sobeiha, A. Mahgoob, U. Elkelany","doi":"10.21608/eajbsz.2023.322135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2023.322135","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to evaluate the role of certain abiotic and biotic inducers in inducing cucumber resistance against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita , under greenhouse conditions. The abiotic inducers comprised acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and Indole acetic acid (IAA) while the biotic inducer was Bacillus pumilus (B.P.). The results revealed that, among all treatments, the double combinations of IAA before B.P. by 3 days as well as ASA before B.P.by 3 days showed the best treatments to increase plant resistance against Meloidogyne incognita infection and improved plant vigor based on fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots compared to using them individually and control inoculated non-treated plants. A generalized increase was observed in the peroxidase activities and in proline amino acids and total phenols due to the application of the investigated inducer. The degree of increase differed according to treatment and biochemical aspects. The overproduction of these biochemical aspects may play a part in the induction of plant defenses against nematode infestation. In conclusion, the development of safety control measures by inducing plant resistance will protect a wide range of plant crops against nematode threats and can be used in integrated pest management programs.","PeriodicalId":34551,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences B Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135513867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.21608/eajbsz.2023.321650
Mohammed Khater, Hamdy Ahmed, Mohammed Ghobashy, Khalid El-Damhougy, Ahmad Azab
This research aimed to reduce reliance on chemical antifouling agents; it was conducted at depths of 0.5 and 1.5 meters in the Eastern Harbor, at Alexandria, Mediterranean Sea. This study delves into the realm of environmentally sustainable antifouling solutions by exploring the efficacy of natural crude extracts from two Red Sea sponge species, Acanthella acuta (Extract A) and Carteriospongia sp. (Extract B). The results revealed a rich diversity of fouling organisms, encompassing six phyla, seven classes, eleven orders, twenty-two families, and thirty-three species. Noteworthy absences were noted at specific depths, indicating depth-dependent variations in fouling communities . The application of extract A at 0.5 meters depth demonstrated significant reductions in fouling biomass and shifts in dominant species. Treatment 3 stood out with the lowest biomass (9.69 ± 2.83 g/m 2 ) and the fewest species (only 2 species). At 1.5 meters depth, extract B exhibited consistent trends with treatment 6 displaying the lowest biomass (20.85 ± 23.35 g/m 2 ) and also species diversity (only 2 species). Meanwhile, Extract B showcased compelling antifouling potential. At 0.5 meters depth, treatment 4 exhibited notable reductions in fouling biomass, dominated by Balanus amphitrite, Balanus eburneus , and Balanus sp. At 1.5 meters depth, treatment 6 emerged as the most effective, with the lowest biomass (249.3 ± 120.4 g/m 2 ) and a streamlined species composition. This study underscores the promise of natural crude extracts from the Red Sea sponges as potent alternatives for environmentally friendly antifouling strategies. The observed variations in fouling biomass and species composition offer critical insights for the development and application of these extracts in combating fouling organisms, presenting a significant stride toward sustainable marine ecosystem conservation.
{"title":"Marine Environmentally Friendly Antifouling Coatings in Eastern Harbor, Alexandria, Egypt","authors":"Mohammed Khater, Hamdy Ahmed, Mohammed Ghobashy, Khalid El-Damhougy, Ahmad Azab","doi":"10.21608/eajbsz.2023.321650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2023.321650","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to reduce reliance on chemical antifouling agents; it was conducted at depths of 0.5 and 1.5 meters in the Eastern Harbor, at Alexandria, Mediterranean Sea. This study delves into the realm of environmentally sustainable antifouling solutions by exploring the efficacy of natural crude extracts from two Red Sea sponge species, Acanthella acuta (Extract A) and Carteriospongia sp. (Extract B). The results revealed a rich diversity of fouling organisms, encompassing six phyla, seven classes, eleven orders, twenty-two families, and thirty-three species. Noteworthy absences were noted at specific depths, indicating depth-dependent variations in fouling communities . The application of extract A at 0.5 meters depth demonstrated significant reductions in fouling biomass and shifts in dominant species. Treatment 3 stood out with the lowest biomass (9.69 ± 2.83 g/m 2 ) and the fewest species (only 2 species). At 1.5 meters depth, extract B exhibited consistent trends with treatment 6 displaying the lowest biomass (20.85 ± 23.35 g/m 2 ) and also species diversity (only 2 species). Meanwhile, Extract B showcased compelling antifouling potential. At 0.5 meters depth, treatment 4 exhibited notable reductions in fouling biomass, dominated by Balanus amphitrite, Balanus eburneus , and Balanus sp. At 1.5 meters depth, treatment 6 emerged as the most effective, with the lowest biomass (249.3 ± 120.4 g/m 2 ) and a streamlined species composition. This study underscores the promise of natural crude extracts from the Red Sea sponges as potent alternatives for environmentally friendly antifouling strategies. The observed variations in fouling biomass and species composition offer critical insights for the development and application of these extracts in combating fouling organisms, presenting a significant stride toward sustainable marine ecosystem conservation.","PeriodicalId":34551,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences B Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135665197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Earthworms have great environmental importance; they occupy a great place among other soil invertebrates. Further, it contributes greatly to soil fertility and is a main component of the soil fauna. Various chemical pesticides are used that have multiple effects on plants in the soil ecosystem. Earthworms represent a strong bioindicator for the environmental toxicity analysis of soil pollution caused by pesticides. Chlorpyrifos is used in more than 100 countries and is applied annually to approximately more than a million acres of crops. The most beneficial crops include cotton, almonds, corn, fruit trees, oranges, bananas, and apples. In the present work, it was noticed that groups exposed to chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide, at doses of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 μg /cm² when compared with normal earthworms, it significantly affects the behavior of the worms, as it causes many distortions in the external appearance and also affects the stages of the earthworm life cycle, which lead to cocoon, juvenile, and adult death. When examining the histological sections, much damage to the tissues was observed. Even the pesticide led to much mortality among earthworms.
{"title":"Assessment of Morphological and Histological Damages in Earthworms (Aporrectodea caliginosa) Exposed to Organophosphate Insecticide","authors":"Fatma El-Zahraa Abdel-Aziz, Asmaa Dawood, Leila Sayed, Asmaa Abdel- Malek","doi":"10.21608/eajbsz.2023.320322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2023.320322","url":null,"abstract":"Earthworms have great environmental importance; they occupy a great place among other soil invertebrates. Further, it contributes greatly to soil fertility and is a main component of the soil fauna. Various chemical pesticides are used that have multiple effects on plants in the soil ecosystem. Earthworms represent a strong bioindicator for the environmental toxicity analysis of soil pollution caused by pesticides. Chlorpyrifos is used in more than 100 countries and is applied annually to approximately more than a million acres of crops. The most beneficial crops include cotton, almonds, corn, fruit trees, oranges, bananas, and apples. In the present work, it was noticed that groups exposed to chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide, at doses of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 μg /cm² when compared with normal earthworms, it significantly affects the behavior of the worms, as it causes many distortions in the external appearance and also affects the stages of the earthworm life cycle, which lead to cocoon, juvenile, and adult death. When examining the histological sections, much damage to the tissues was observed. Even the pesticide led to much mortality among earthworms.","PeriodicalId":34551,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences B Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136213547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-09DOI: 10.21608/eajbsz.2023.315981
Hend Ghareeb, Nouran EL-Shafey
Currently using natural materials for Monacha cartusiana (Müller), (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Hygromiidae) snail control is deliberated to be the utmost realistic attitude. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of six crucial botanical oils. ( Camphora officinarum Nees (Laurales, Lauraceae), Citrus limon Osbeck (Sapindales, Rutaceae), Mentha perpirata L. (Lamiales, Lamiaceae), Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculales, Ranunculaceae), Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiales, Lamiaceae) and Syzygium aromaticum L. (Myrtales, Myrtaceae) were used at concentrations (4, 10, 20, and 40%) while Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberales, Zingiberaceae) extract at (1, 5, 10, and 20%) against M . cartusiana snails. The LC 50 and LC 90 of each botanical oil and ginger extract were determined and the activity of the binary mixture of LC 50 extract with LC 50 of the three most effective oils against snails was estimated under laboratory conditions. All treatments caused a relative mortality of the snail individuals which made it possible to calculate the toxicity index and relative toxicity. Moreover, this study proved that the effect of C . officinarum , N . sativa and O . basilicum oils are higher than that of the other used oils, as they achieved 86.66, 76.66 and 86.66% mortality respectively, at the highest tested concentration after 14 days of treatment. On the other hand, Z . officinale extract caused 73.33% mortality at the highest concentration when used individually and the binary mixing of its LC 50 with LC 50 of C . camphora , N . sativa and O . basilicum oils separately induced 66.66, 100.00 and 60.00% mortality, respectively. Thus, botanical oils and their mixtures are preferably used in the control of land snails instead of the traditional chemical pesticides.
{"title":"Toxicity of Some Botanical Oils and Ginger Extract against Monacha cartusiana Snail","authors":"Hend Ghareeb, Nouran EL-Shafey","doi":"10.21608/eajbsz.2023.315981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2023.315981","url":null,"abstract":"Currently using natural materials for Monacha cartusiana (Müller), (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Hygromiidae) snail control is deliberated to be the utmost realistic attitude. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of six crucial botanical oils. ( Camphora officinarum Nees (Laurales, Lauraceae), Citrus limon Osbeck (Sapindales, Rutaceae), Mentha perpirata L. (Lamiales, Lamiaceae), Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculales, Ranunculaceae), Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiales, Lamiaceae) and Syzygium aromaticum L. (Myrtales, Myrtaceae) were used at concentrations (4, 10, 20, and 40%) while Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberales, Zingiberaceae) extract at (1, 5, 10, and 20%) against M . cartusiana snails. The LC 50 and LC 90 of each botanical oil and ginger extract were determined and the activity of the binary mixture of LC 50 extract with LC 50 of the three most effective oils against snails was estimated under laboratory conditions. All treatments caused a relative mortality of the snail individuals which made it possible to calculate the toxicity index and relative toxicity. Moreover, this study proved that the effect of C . officinarum , N . sativa and O . basilicum oils are higher than that of the other used oils, as they achieved 86.66, 76.66 and 86.66% mortality respectively, at the highest tested concentration after 14 days of treatment. On the other hand, Z . officinale extract caused 73.33% mortality at the highest concentration when used individually and the binary mixing of its LC 50 with LC 50 of C . camphora , N . sativa and O . basilicum oils separately induced 66.66, 100.00 and 60.00% mortality, respectively. Thus, botanical oils and their mixtures are preferably used in the control of land snails instead of the traditional chemical pesticides.","PeriodicalId":34551,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences B Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136192385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.21608/eajbsz.2023.313989
Esam M. Emara, Maher El-Sawaf, Rashad Khalifa
Two derivatives of 2-Benzoylpyridine namely; (E)-4-((E)-4-((E)- phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methyleneamino)benzyl)-N-(phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylene)benzenamine (L) and its Cu(II) complex were prepared and screened in vitro on Eobania vermiculata species. The assessment of LC 50 values of screened chemicals after 3 days of treatments was performed via the contact method. A series of four concentrations of the investigated compounds; (50, 150, 250, and 350 ppm) was prepared by using a mixture of distilled water and DMSO (3:1) by volume. The obtained results demonstrated that the tested snails were strongly affected after treatments with the prepared chemical compounds, which reflected the high toxicity of those compounds. LC 50 data of (E)-4-((E)-4-((E)-phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)
{"title":"Biochemical and Toxicity Effects of Some 2-Benzoylpyridine Derivatives on Eobania vermiculata under Laboratory Conditions","authors":"Esam M. Emara, Maher El-Sawaf, Rashad Khalifa","doi":"10.21608/eajbsz.2023.313989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2023.313989","url":null,"abstract":"Two derivatives of 2-Benzoylpyridine namely; (E)-4-((E)-4-((E)- phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methyleneamino)benzyl)-N-(phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylene)benzenamine (L) and its Cu(II) complex were prepared and screened in vitro on Eobania vermiculata species. The assessment of LC 50 values of screened chemicals after 3 days of treatments was performed via the contact method. A series of four concentrations of the investigated compounds; (50, 150, 250, and 350 ppm) was prepared by using a mixture of distilled water and DMSO (3:1) by volume. The obtained results demonstrated that the tested snails were strongly affected after treatments with the prepared chemical compounds, which reflected the high toxicity of those compounds. LC 50 data of (E)-4-((E)-4-((E)-phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)","PeriodicalId":34551,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences B Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82209760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.21608/eajbsz.2023.313845
O. Mohammed
Objective : The primary concern and problem revolve around food safety, particularly when it is prepared in an environment with significant contamination. Slaughterhouse workers' role in ensuring food safety includes maintaining hygiene, proper handling and inspection, adherence to regulations, quality control, equipment maintenance
{"title":"Slaughterhouse Workers' Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Meat Hygiene in Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"O. Mohammed","doi":"10.21608/eajbsz.2023.313845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2023.313845","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : The primary concern and problem revolve around food safety, particularly when it is prepared in an environment with significant contamination. Slaughterhouse workers' role in ensuring food safety includes maintaining hygiene, proper handling and inspection, adherence to regulations, quality control, equipment maintenance","PeriodicalId":34551,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences B Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76279684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-16DOI: 10.21608/eajbsz.2023.307361
Rehab Khalil, A. Ibrahim
The traditional diagnostic method of fascioliasis was based on the identification of the eggs in the stool, but this is not a reliable way as it has many restrictions. The present work was evaluated to immunodetect the Excretory/ Secretory antigens of Fasciola gigantica by sandwich Elisa in naturally infected cattle's sera and by dot blot in naturally infected human sera and compare these methods and the traditional methods. In this study, fresh adult Fasciola gigantica worms were collected to extract crude excretory/secretory (E/S) antigens. E/S was used to immunize rabbits and mice to raise polyclonal antibodies. The IgG fraction of rabbit and mouse anti-Fasciola antibodies was purified. The protein content of anti-Fasciola IgG antibody, was 8.8 and 5.2mg/ml, respectively. Sandwich ELISA was performed to detect Fasciola antigens in serum samples collected from 248 cattle. Also, a Dot blot was performed to detect Fasciola antigens in 38 human sera. Results showed that after parasitological stool examination, 26 human samples were positive and 12 human sera were healthy. The red-brown color appeared with all infected samples only. This technique is cheap, and saves time; multiple samples can make at the same time and not require expensive laboratory equipment. In conclusion, the sandwich ELISA and Dot blot assays were more reliable tools for early serodiagnosis of fasciolosis than traditional methods. Significance Statement
{"title":"Serological Immunodetection of Fasciola gigantica Excretory/ Secretory Antigens in Naturally Infected Cattle and Human","authors":"Rehab Khalil, A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.21608/eajbsz.2023.307361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2023.307361","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional diagnostic method of fascioliasis was based on the identification of the eggs in the stool, but this is not a reliable way as it has many restrictions. The present work was evaluated to immunodetect the Excretory/ Secretory antigens of Fasciola gigantica by sandwich Elisa in naturally infected cattle's sera and by dot blot in naturally infected human sera and compare these methods and the traditional methods. In this study, fresh adult Fasciola gigantica worms were collected to extract crude excretory/secretory (E/S) antigens. E/S was used to immunize rabbits and mice to raise polyclonal antibodies. The IgG fraction of rabbit and mouse anti-Fasciola antibodies was purified. The protein content of anti-Fasciola IgG antibody, was 8.8 and 5.2mg/ml, respectively. Sandwich ELISA was performed to detect Fasciola antigens in serum samples collected from 248 cattle. Also, a Dot blot was performed to detect Fasciola antigens in 38 human sera. Results showed that after parasitological stool examination, 26 human samples were positive and 12 human sera were healthy. The red-brown color appeared with all infected samples only. This technique is cheap, and saves time; multiple samples can make at the same time and not require expensive laboratory equipment. In conclusion, the sandwich ELISA and Dot blot assays were more reliable tools for early serodiagnosis of fasciolosis than traditional methods. Significance Statement","PeriodicalId":34551,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences B Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75796954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.21608/eajbsz.2023.307360
Wahab, Munir, Halidu, Shafiu, Y. Gabriel
This study was examined in Kainji Lake National Park. A systemic random sampling method was used for data collection around the mineral salt lick areas. Line transect was used to actualize the ecotourism activity within the ecosystem. Salt lick areas and soil samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory for their mineral composition. Secondary data were taken from the park management. The result revealed that the manganese concentration (trace element) was higher in salt lick area 1 (7.69), while the least was observed in salt lick area 5 (1.96 mg/L). Calcium which is a major element was observed to be high in salt lick area 1 (4.22 mg/L), while the least was recorded in salt lick area 6 (0.40 mg/L). Observation showed that the mineral content of the salt lick areas 3 and 6 was not adequately utilized in the dry season period. It is pertinent to realize that the mineral composition of the salt lick areas serves as an influence affecting the optimum utilization of fauna species. The turnout of eco-tourists sighting the park varied due to human anthropogenic activities and other limiting issues. The influence of mineral salt licks on wildlife well-being and their health care primarily herbivores depict decisive good maintenance of a healthy wildlife community for the physiological and biochemical activity that enhances their reproductive survival.
{"title":"Relevance of Mineral Salt Lick Influence on Ecotourism Conservation of Protected Areas","authors":"Wahab, Munir, Halidu, Shafiu, Y. Gabriel","doi":"10.21608/eajbsz.2023.307360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2023.307360","url":null,"abstract":"This study was examined in Kainji Lake National Park. A systemic random sampling method was used for data collection around the mineral salt lick areas. Line transect was used to actualize the ecotourism activity within the ecosystem. Salt lick areas and soil samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory for their mineral composition. Secondary data were taken from the park management. The result revealed that the manganese concentration (trace element) was higher in salt lick area 1 (7.69), while the least was observed in salt lick area 5 (1.96 mg/L). Calcium which is a major element was observed to be high in salt lick area 1 (4.22 mg/L), while the least was recorded in salt lick area 6 (0.40 mg/L). Observation showed that the mineral content of the salt lick areas 3 and 6 was not adequately utilized in the dry season period. It is pertinent to realize that the mineral composition of the salt lick areas serves as an influence affecting the optimum utilization of fauna species. The turnout of eco-tourists sighting the park varied due to human anthropogenic activities and other limiting issues. The influence of mineral salt licks on wildlife well-being and their health care primarily herbivores depict decisive good maintenance of a healthy wildlife community for the physiological and biochemical activity that enhances their reproductive survival.","PeriodicalId":34551,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences B Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83639377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.21608/eajbsz.2023.305316
M. Younes
in carnivore skull size, other few studies have attempted to examine sexual dimorphism in skull shape in carnivores. In order to understand how shape and size relate to skull variability and differentiation, the current study analyses the morphometry of red fox sample skulls from Egypt. Multivariate statistical techniques were used to examine a total of 186 red fox skulls that had been collected around the whole country. All measurements were subjected to principal component analysis in order to categorize specimens according to size and shape. The skulls of red foxes exhibit significant individual variation. Age is related to the size and shape variations in red foxes. The size and shape of the skulls of sub-adult and adult red foxes largely overlap. Red fox skulls exhibit quietly pronounced sexual dimorphism, with older males being slightly larger than females. According to their cranial measurements, red foxes from the Western Mediterranean Coastal Desert and Western Desert Oases differ from those from the other regions of the country.
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