Screening for obesity and undiscovered glucose intolerance among employees of a tertiary health center in northeast Nigeria

Y. Lawal, Sanusi Muhammad, U. Dahuwa, I. Bichi, Hayat Ahmed
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Abstract

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide, and according to the International Diabetes Federation, one in every two i.e. 212 million people with diabetes is undiagnosed. This screening exercise was carried out during the World Diabetes Day celebration in line with global efforts toward early detection of persons with glucose intolerance. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and undiscovered glucose intolerance among the hospital employees and to assess the relationship among blood glucose level, some obesity indices, and blood pressure. No such study was ever carried out in this hospital and it afforded the employees the opportunity to get enlightened about the menace of obesity and diabetes. Materials and Methods: The screening exercise was approved by the hospital management after due ethical consideration. Consent was obtained from each participant and then some anthropometric indices and 2-h postprandial plasma glucose level were measured. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel, and then analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 23. Results: The prevalence of obesity by body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-height ratio criteria was 17.4%, 33.7%, and 55.8%, respectively, and was more common among females. The prevalence of previously undiagnosed glucose intolerance was 12.7% (impaired glucose tolerance [IGT], 11.5% and diabetes mellitus, 1.2%) and the proportion among females and males was 12.5% and 11.9%, respectively. Conclusion: Though the prevalence of undiscovered diabetes was low, the prevalence of obesity and IGT was high, suggesting a population in transition from low prevalence to high prevalence of diabetes. In addition, obesity and glucose intolerance were more common among female compared to those among male participants.
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筛查尼日利亚东北部一家三级保健中心雇员的肥胖和未发现的葡萄糖耐受不良
背景:世界范围内2型糖尿病的患病率正在上升,根据国际糖尿病联合会的数据,每两个糖尿病患者中就有一个,即2.12亿人未被诊断出来。这项筛查活动是在世界糖尿病日庆祝活动期间进行的,与全球早期发现葡萄糖不耐受患者的努力一致。目的:本研究的目的是确定医院员工中肥胖和未发现的葡萄糖耐受不良的患病率,并评估血糖水平、一些肥胖指标和血压之间的关系。这家医院从来没有进行过这样的研究,它给了员工一个机会,让他们了解肥胖和糖尿病的威胁。材料与方法:筛选工作经医院管理层伦理考虑后批准。获得每位参与者的同意,然后测量一些人体测量指标和餐后2小时血糖水平。将数据输入到Microsoft Excel中,然后使用IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)软件第23版进行分析。结果:以体重指数、腰围和腰高比为标准的肥胖率分别为17.4%、33.7%和55.8%,以女性多见。既往未确诊的葡萄糖耐受不良患病率为12.7%(糖耐量受损[IGT]为11.5%,糖尿病为1.2%),其中女性和男性的比例分别为12.5%和11.9%。结论:虽然未发现的糖尿病患病率较低,但肥胖和IGT患病率较高,提示糖尿病人群处于低患病率向高患病率过渡的阶段。此外,与男性受试者相比,肥胖和葡萄糖耐受不良在女性受试者中更为常见。
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