On Quantifying Cost-Benefit of ISHM in Aerospace Systems

C. Hoyle, A. Mehr, I. Turner, W. Chen
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引用次数: 15

Abstract

Integrated systems health management (ISHM) is a desired system engineering capability to detect, assess, and isolate faults in complex aerospace systems to improve safety and reliability. At the conceptual design level, system-level engineers must make decisions regarding the extent of vehicle fault coverage using on-board sensors and the data collection, processing, interpretation, display, and action capabilities for the various subsystems, all considered essential parts of ISHM. In this paper, we propose a Cost-Benefit Analysis approach to initiate the ISHM design process. The key to this analysis is the formulation of an objective function that explicitly quantifies the cost-benefit factors involved with using ISHM technology in various subsystems. In the end, to determine the best ISHM system configuration, an objective is formulated, referred to as Profit, which is expressed as the product of system availability (A) and revenue per unit availability (R), minus the sum of cost of detection (CD) and cost of risk (CR). Cost of detection includes the cost of periodic inspection/maintenance and the cost of including ISHM; Cost of Risk quantifies risk in financial terms as a function of the consequential cost of a fault and the probabilities of occurrence and detection. Increasing the ISHM footprint will generally lower cost of risk while raising cost of detection, while Availability will increase or decrease based upon the balance of the reliability and detectability of the sensors added, versus their ability to reduce total maintenance time. The analysis is conducted at the system functional level, with ISHM allocated to functional blocks in the optimization analysis. The proposed method is demonstrated using a simplified aerospace system design problem resulting in a configuration of sensors which optimizes the cost-benefit of the ISHM system for the given input parameters. In this problem, profit was increased by 11%, inspection interval increased by a factor of 1.5, and cost of risk reduced by a factor of 2.4.
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航空航天系统中ISHM成本效益量化研究
综合系统健康管理(ISHM)是一种理想的系统工程能力,用于检测、评估和隔离复杂航空航天系统中的故障,以提高安全性和可靠性。在概念设计层面,系统级工程师必须决定使用车载传感器的车辆故障覆盖范围,以及各个子系统的数据收集、处理、解释、显示和操作能力,所有这些都被认为是ISHM的重要组成部分。在本文中,我们提出了一种成本效益分析方法来启动ISHM设计过程。此分析的关键是明确量化在各个子系统中使用ISHM技术所涉及的成本效益因素的目标函数的表述。最后,为了确定最佳的ISHM系统配置,制定了一个目标,称为利润,它表示为系统可用性(A)和单位可用性(R)的收入的乘积,减去检测成本(CD)和风险成本(CR)的总和。检测成本包括定期检查/维修的成本和纳入ISHM的成本;风险成本以财务术语将风险量化为故障的后果成本以及发生和检测概率的函数。增加ISHM占地面积通常会降低风险成本,同时提高检测成本,而可用性将根据所添加传感器的可靠性和可检测性的平衡而增加或减少,而不是减少总维护时间的能力。在系统功能层面进行分析,在优化分析中将ISHM分配给功能块。该方法通过一个简化的航空航天系统设计问题进行了验证,该问题导致传感器配置在给定输入参数下优化了ISHM系统的成本效益。在这个问题中,利润增加了11%,检查间隔增加了1.5倍,风险成本减少了2.4倍。
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