Air Quality Indexing, Mapping and Principal Components Analysis of Ambient Air Pollutants around Farm Settlements across Ogun State, Nigeria

Q3 Environmental Science Applied Environmental Research Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI:10.35762/aer.2021.43.2.7
F. Oyebanji, G. Ana, O. O. Tope-Ajayi, A. Sadiq, Y. Mijinyawa
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The focus of this study was to portray the spatial pattern of air quality across seasons in the eight sampled farm settlements using air quality indexes and assess the clusters of monitored air pollutants. The concentrations of air pollutants were determined using in-situ portable gas detectors and particulate counter. The AQI for each criteria pollutants (CO, O3, TSP, PM10, SO2, and PM2.5) was calculated using AQI formulae of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and mapped using the Inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation method in the Geographic information systems (GIS) environment. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to group the parameters and estimate the interrelationships between the loadings of the parameters in each component. The AQI ranges of pollutants which deviated from the acceptable good status are CO (71.98 – 238 and 88.85 – 220.93), NO2 (10.14 – 107.07 and 10.84 – 72.88) and PM2.5 (12.90 – 70.85 and 12.56 – 54.02) for the dry and wet seasons, respectively. There were five and four PCs with eigenvalues > 1, accounting for 69.75% and 61.73% of the total variance during the wet and dry season, respectively. The parameters in each component are as follows; PC1 - TSP, PM10, PM2.5, Bacteria and fungi; PC2 - CO and Temperature; PC3 - relative humidity and O3; PC4 - CO2; PC5 - NO2 and SO2 for the wet season and PC1 - TSP, PM10, PM2.5, Bacteria and fungi; PC2 - NH3 and NO2; PC3 - CO2 and O3; PC4 - Temperature and relative humidity during the dry season. Biomass burning, engine exhausts and fine-particulate related activities are sources of air pollution and such may pose negative implication to human health and environment. Therefore, the use of alternative biomass disposal, regular servicing of processing engines and the wearing of protective wears against dust are recommended.
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尼日利亚奥贡州农场住区周围空气污染物的空气质量指数、制图和主成分分析
本研究的重点是利用空气质量指数描绘八个采样农场住区不同季节的空气质量空间格局,并评估监测到的空气污染物集群。采用现场便携式气体检测仪和颗粒计数器测定空气污染物浓度。各标准污染物(CO、O3、TSP、PM10、SO2和PM2.5)的AQI采用美国环境保护局的AQI公式计算,并在地理信息系统(GIS)环境中采用逆距离加权(IDW)插值方法绘制。采用主成分分析(PCA)对各参数进行分组,并估计各参数在各分量中的载荷之间的相互关系。干湿季节偏离可接受良好状态的污染物AQI范围分别为CO(71.98 ~ 238、88.85 ~ 220.93)、NO2(10.14 ~ 107.07、10.84 ~ 72.88)和PM2.5(12.90 ~ 70.85、12.56 ~ 54.02)。特征值为> 1的pc有5个,占湿季总方差的69.75%,占干季总方差的61.73%。各部件参数如下:PC1 - TSP、PM10、PM2.5、细菌和真菌;PC2 - CO与温度;PC3—相对湿度和O3;Pc4 - co2;雨季的PC5 - NO2和SO2以及PC1 - TSP、PM10、PM2.5、细菌和真菌;PC2 - NH3和NO2;PC3 - CO2和O3;PC4 -旱季的温度和相对湿度。生物质燃烧、发动机废气和细颗粒物相关活动是空气污染源,可能对人类健康和环境造成负面影响。因此,建议使用替代生物质处理,定期维修加工发动机并佩戴防尘防护服。
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Applied Environmental Research
Applied Environmental Research Environmental Science-Environmental Science (all)
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2.00
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