EFFECT OF SOIL WATER DEFICITS ON ANNUAL FRESH FRUIT BUNCH PRODUCTION IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN

The Planter Pub Date : 2019-08-25 DOI:10.56333/tp.2019.008
J. Mathews
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Abstract

The soil water deficits have an after-effect over the time lagged fruiting activities of palms, which subsequently affects the annual fresh fruit bunch (FFB) production in the oil palm plantation. Field data from 2014 to 2018 in a reasonably well managed oil palm estate with three soils of the greater groups of Typic Dystrudept (lnceptisol), Typic Haplohumod (Spodosol) and Typic Haplohemist (Histosol) were analysed. The palms were planted in the years 2004 and 2005, and were producing FFB at its prime plateau age of yield life cycle. The amount of monthly water deficits that results in single or multiple fruiting activities responded quadratically to subsequent annual FFB production in all three soils. With two consecutive total soil water deficits in the years 2014 and 2015, the multiple time lagged fruiting activities from bunch failure to sex differentiation with change in sex ratio favouring male inflorescences resulted in reduced yield in 2016 in all three soils. Typic Haplohumod soils being sandy achieved the lowest yield in 2016. The palms planted on Typic Haplohemist showed rapid decline in crop with the slightest water deficit. The soil derived from Typic Dystrudept gave relatively high FFB production at low water deficit. Keywords: Water deficit, fruiting activity, fresh fruit bunch production, El nino, drought.
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土壤水分亏缺对加里曼丹中部年度鲜果串生产的影响
土壤水分亏缺在棕榈果实活动滞后的时间上产生后效,进而影响油棕种植园全年新鲜果串产量。分析了2014年至2018年在一个管理良好的油棕园的现场数据,该油棕园使用了三种土壤,分别是典型的Dystrudept (inceptisol)、典型的haplohummod (Spodosol)和典型的Haplohemist (Histosol)。这些棕榈树种植于2004年和2005年,在产量生命周期的最佳高原年龄生产FFB。在所有三种土壤中,导致单次或多次结果活动的月水分亏缺量与随后的年度FFB产量呈二次响应。在2014年和2015年连续2年土壤总水分亏缺的情况下,3种土壤的结实活动从败束到性别分化的多重滞后,且性别比例的变化有利于雄性花序,导致了2016年3种土壤的产量下降。典型单殖垄土为沙质,2016年产量最低。在“典型单倍体”上种植的棕榈树表现出作物产量迅速下降,水分不足的情况很少。在低水分亏缺条件下,“典型”型土壤的富营养化产量相对较高。关键词:水分亏缺,结实活性,鲜果串生产,厄尔尼诺,干旱。
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