Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesis Using Mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Rind Extract For Environmentally Friendly Liquid Disinfectant Active Ingredients

Abstract

Disinfectant is one of the materials that can be used to inactivate pathogenic microorganisms, but most of the disinfectants used in the community are disinfectants made from synthetic chemicals that are harmful to the environment. The purpose of this study was to synthesize and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of silver (Ag) nanoparticles-mangosteen rind extract as an active ingredient in an environmentally friendly disinfectant formula. The synthesis process of silver nanoparticles was carried out by adding a bioreductant of mangosteen rind extract into a 0.01 M AgNO3 solution precursor with a variation of the precursor : bioreductor volume ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:6, respectively. The results of the analysis with UV-Vis spectroscopy showed that the silver nanoparticles of mangosteen rind extract had good stability. The decrease in the absorption peak in the FTIR spectrum at a wave number of 3390.86 cm-1 indicates the contribution of the –OH group in the bioreductant compound in the reduction process of silver nanoparticles. PSA analysis and digital microscopy showed that the diameter of the synthesized silver nanoparticles with a volume ratio of bioreductor : precursor 1:1 was 82.33 nm. The antimicrobial activity test showed that the active ingredient mixture of silver-mangosteen rind extract with a composition of 1:1 had the best activity in deactivating of gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria. The results of this study indicate that the mixture also can be used as active ingredients for environmentally friendly liquid disinfectants.