Topographic surface modelling using raster grid datasets by GMT: example of the Kuril–Kamchatka Trench, Pacific Ocean

IF 0.3 Q4 REMOTE SENSING Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics Pub Date : 2019-11-06 DOI:10.2478/rgg-2019-0008
Polina Lemenkova
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引用次数: 46

Abstract

Abstract The study area is focused on the Kuril–Kamchatka Trench, North Pacific Ocean. This region is geologically complex, notable for the lithosphere activity, tectonic plates subduction and active volcanism. The submarine geomorphology is complicated through terraces, slopes, seamounts and erosional processes. Understanding geomorphic features of such a region requires precise modelling and effective visualization of the high-resolution data sets. Therefore, current research presents a Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) based algorithm proposing a solution for effective data processing and precise mapping: iterative module-based scripting for the automated digitizing and modelling. Methodology consists of the following steps: topographic mapping of the raster grids, marine gravity and geoid; semi-automatic digitizing of the orthogonal cross-section profiles; modelling geomorphic trends of the gradient slopes; computing raster surfaces from the xyz data sets by modules nearneighbor and XYZ2grd. Several types of the cartographic projections were used: oblique Mercator, Mercator cylindrical, conic equal-area Albers, conic equidistant. The cross-section geomorphic profiles in a perpendicular direction across the two selected segments of the trench were automatically digitized. Developed algorithm of the semi-automated digitizing of the profiles enabled to visualize gradients of the slope steepness of the trench. The data were then modelled to show gradient variations in its two segments. The results of the comparative geomorphic analysis of northern and southern transects revealed variations in different parts of the trench. Presented research provided more quantitative insights into the structure and settings of the submarine landforms of the hadal trench that still remains a question for the marine geology. The research demonstrated the effectiveness of the GMT: a variety of modules, approaches and tools that can be used to produce high-quality mapping and graphics. The GMT listings are provided for repeatability.
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使用格林尼治标准时间栅格数据集的地形表面建模:以太平洋千岛群岛-堪察加海沟为例
摘要以北太平洋千岛-堪察加海沟为研究区域。该区地质构造复杂,以岩石圈活动、构造板块俯冲和活火山活动为主。海底地貌因阶地、斜坡、海山和侵蚀作用而复杂。了解这样一个地区的地貌特征需要精确的建模和高分辨率数据集的有效可视化。因此,目前的研究提出了一种基于通用映射工具(Generic Mapping Tools, GMT)的算法,为有效的数据处理和精确的映射提供了解决方案:基于迭代模块的脚本,用于自动化数字化和建模。方法包括以下步骤:栅格、海洋重力和大地水准面的地形测绘;正交截面轮廓的半自动数字化;模拟坡度坡面地貌变化趋势;通过模块nearneighbor和xyz2grid从xyz数据集中计算栅格曲面。使用了几种类型的地图投影:斜墨卡托,墨卡托圆柱,等面积阿尔伯斯圆锥,等距圆锥。在垂直方向上跨越两个选定的海沟段的横断面地貌剖面被自动数字化。开发了半自动化数字化剖面算法,实现了海沟坡度梯度的可视化。然后对数据进行建模,以显示其两个部分的梯度变化。南北样带对比地貌分析的结果揭示了海沟不同部分的差异。本研究对海沟海底地貌的构造和设置提供了更多的定量认识,这仍然是海洋地质学的一个问题。研究证明了GMT的有效性:各种模块、方法和工具可用于制作高质量的地图和图形。提供GMT清单是为了可重复性。
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来源期刊
自引率
28.60%
发文量
5
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊最新文献
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