The Effects of Diclofenac on Renal Toxicity Disorders Induced by Gentamicin in Rats

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Gentamicin, an antibiotic is used to treat infection with gram-negative bacteria. Due to side effects such as renal disorders, its used is limited. In this research the effect of diclofenac on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity was examined. METHODS: Male Wistar rats (n=32) weighting between 200-250 g were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8 in each group):1control group received no drug, 2treatment group with gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day i.p) for 8 days, 3treatment group with diclofenac (0.5 mg/kg/day i.p) for 8 days, 4treatment group with gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day i.p) and diclofenac (0.5 mg/kg/day i.p) for 8 days. In ninth day, blood pressure and renal artery blood flow and also level of urea, creatinine, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and osmolality were measured in urine and plasma samples. Finally, histological study was performed by using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. FINDINGS: Co-treatment with diclofenac significantly decreased fractional excretion of potassium (328±17.6; p<0.001) ، fractional excretion of sodium (0.885±0.005; p<0.001), excretion of urea (56.08±5.56; p<0.001), urine osmolality (439±14.3; p<0.01) and creatinine clearance (p <0.001, 0.427±0.01 ml/min/kg) but decreased renal blood flow (3.99±0.2), which had previously been reduced by gentamicin. CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that diclofenac exacerbates kidney disorders caused by gentamicin.