Organization of a system of medical evacuation support for victims in emergency situations at facilities and territories serviced by the of Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia in the Arctic Zone: status, problematic issues, solutions

Abstract

Relevance. Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation in the framework of the implementation of the provisions of the Presidential Decree No 645 of 26.10.2020 “On the Development Strategy of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and ensuring national security until 2035” obliges to develop and to thoroughly improve the organization of medical and evacuation support of permanent and visiting population as well as of temporarily working personnel of this territory, in emergencies of different genesis.Intention. To elaborate and to substantiate the proposals on further improvement of the system of medical and evacuation support for the victims of emergencies in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation.Methodology. Normative and methodical documents regulating the organization of medical and evacuation support of the victims of emergencies in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation, results of interdepartmental experimental research training carried out in 2021, actual data on the capabilities of medical and evacuation support by medical treatment organizations in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation have been analyzed.Results and Discussion. Analysis of the current interdepartmental system of medical and evacuation support of the victims of emergencies in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation revealed typical conditions influencing its further development, which include: imperfect legislative base regulating the procedure of involvement of interdepartmental medical forces and assets for organization of medical and evacuation support of victims in emergencies; considerable distance between island and continental parts of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation, between seaports and large settlements with medical treatment organizations, between facilities with high risks of emergencies; extreme natural and climatic factors; underdeveloped transport communications — a network of airfields and airstrips, railways and roads, which are usually impassable for conventional ambulance transport; huge distances to economically developed areas of the continental part of the country, where specialized medical centers are located.The article presents the substantiated proposals for further improvement of organization of medical and evacuation support for the victims of emergencies in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation; for creation and involvement of mobile medical units; for development of the medical evacuation system, including sanitary aviation, and of its material and technical base, of robotic modules of medical evacuation; for training of medical personnel for the work in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation.Conclusion. The authors formulated the main directions of the development of interdepartmental cooperation within the framework of the All-Russian Disaster Medicine Service for further improvement of the medical evacuation support for the victims of emergencies in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation.