Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-05-14
S. Aleksanin, V. Rybnikov, N. V. Nesterenko
Relevance. On April 6, 2023 large-scale cross-departmental experimental and research exercises took place for the forces of the Common Public System of Emergency Prevention and Response in the Russian Arctic, called ‘Safe Arctic - 2023’. The exercises focused on elimination of medical and sanitary consequences of man-made accidents at the Kostomuksha Mining and Treatment facility (Republic of Karelia).The objective is to analyse and summarise emergency response experience of rescuers and medical forces within the framework of cross-departmental exercises in the Russian Arctic, to assess first aid and emergency medical responses, provided to victims in emergency scenarios.Methods. The exercises were participated by over 100 rescuers, workers and volunteers, with 17 units of emergency and fire rescue equipment, 4 emergency response ambulances, and a MI-8 helicopter with medevac units available for medical evacuation of 12 injured patients. Seven top professional experts assessed medical response and evacuation on a 5-score scale (with 5 as the highest score). We studied medical documents (patient medical records, medical triage tags, expert scoring), verified statistic distribution and validated calculations using Student’s t-test for discrete unrelated samples.Results and discussion. Experts highly appreciated the quality of first aid with rescuers scoring (4.6 ± 0.3) points, while medical triage scored (4.7 ± 0.2) points, emergency pre-medical, medical and specialised medical treatment of the injured scored (4.6 ± 0.2) points. Patient triage demonstrated high-quality, with life-threatening injuries and traumas accurately identified; patients were accurately diagnosed and triaged for evacuation. During medical evacuation, emergency medical care was provided to all the injured in a comprehensive and timely manner, with no discrepancies in diagnoses.Conclusion. The resulting xpert assessments of the cross-departmental experimental and research exercises ‘Safe Arctic – 2023’ showed significantly high quality of first aid, medical triage and emergency medical care during evacuation, though not without imperfections. The organising committee received recommendations regarding ways to improve cross-departmental cooperation in first aid and medical care in emergency scenarios; these recommendations were formulated in the final report.
{"title":"Emergency response of medical forces at cross-departmental exercises “Safe Arctic-2023”","authors":"S. Aleksanin, V. Rybnikov, N. V. Nesterenko","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-05-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-05-14","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. On April 6, 2023 large-scale cross-departmental experimental and research exercises took place for the forces of the Common Public System of Emergency Prevention and Response in the Russian Arctic, called ‘Safe Arctic - 2023’. The exercises focused on elimination of medical and sanitary consequences of man-made accidents at the Kostomuksha Mining and Treatment facility (Republic of Karelia).The objective is to analyse and summarise emergency response experience of rescuers and medical forces within the framework of cross-departmental exercises in the Russian Arctic, to assess first aid and emergency medical responses, provided to victims in emergency scenarios.Methods. The exercises were participated by over 100 rescuers, workers and volunteers, with 17 units of emergency and fire rescue equipment, 4 emergency response ambulances, and a MI-8 helicopter with medevac units available for medical evacuation of 12 injured patients. Seven top professional experts assessed medical response and evacuation on a 5-score scale (with 5 as the highest score). We studied medical documents (patient medical records, medical triage tags, expert scoring), verified statistic distribution and validated calculations using Student’s t-test for discrete unrelated samples.Results and discussion. Experts highly appreciated the quality of first aid with rescuers scoring (4.6 ± 0.3) points, while medical triage scored (4.7 ± 0.2) points, emergency pre-medical, medical and specialised medical treatment of the injured scored (4.6 ± 0.2) points. Patient triage demonstrated high-quality, with life-threatening injuries and traumas accurately identified; patients were accurately diagnosed and triaged for evacuation. During medical evacuation, emergency medical care was provided to all the injured in a comprehensive and timely manner, with no discrepancies in diagnoses.Conclusion. The resulting xpert assessments of the cross-departmental experimental and research exercises ‘Safe Arctic – 2023’ showed significantly high quality of first aid, medical triage and emergency medical care during evacuation, though not without imperfections. The organising committee received recommendations regarding ways to improve cross-departmental cooperation in first aid and medical care in emergency scenarios; these recommendations were formulated in the final report.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82421543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-89-98
A. A. Kondashov, E. V. Bobrinev, E. Udavtsova
Relevance. Victims’ own negligence is a main cause of injuries among the EMERCOM of Russia officers.The objective is to analyze occupational injury scenarios caused by ‘victims’ own negligence’ among the Federal Fire Service (FFS) officers and workers of the EMERCOM of Russia within 2010 to 2021 timespan.Methods. The study examined 10,000 fire service officers to analyze the incidence of occupational injuries due to ‘victims’ own negligence within 2010 to 2021, depending on the injury-associated activity, patient’s position, age, type of injury, weekday and month of injury. We calculated arithmetic average values and errors (M ± m). By knowing the number of injuries and the number of fire service officers at risk, we calculated the risks of injury for specific occupational scenarios.Results and discussion. The FFS officers of the EMERCOM of Russia are subject to the average annual risk of injury due to victims’ own negligence of (4.49 ± 0.62) ∙ 10–4 injuries / (person ∙ year). The risk of injuries commissioned officers (5.54 ± 0.87) ∙ 10–4 injuries/(person ∙ year) exceeds that among non-commissioned workers (3,14 ± 0,29) ∙ 10–4 (injuries/person ∙ year). Over 12 years, the incidence of injuries saw a 2.7-fold decrease among commissioned officers and a 1.4-fold decrease among non-commissioned workers. The share of injuries due to ‘victims’ own negligence’ stood at 36 % of the total number of occupational injuries among fire service officers.Conclusion. The analysis of injury scenarios due to ‘victims’ own negligence’ among the FFS officers of the EMERCOM of Russia is a contribution to enhance prevention of occupational injuries among firefighters and reduce the death rate in occupational settings.
{"title":"Specific injury scenarios due to ‘victims’ own negligence’ among Federal Fire Service officers and workers of the EMERCOM of Russia","authors":"A. A. Kondashov, E. V. Bobrinev, E. Udavtsova","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-89-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-89-98","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Victims’ own negligence is a main cause of injuries among the EMERCOM of Russia officers.The objective is to analyze occupational injury scenarios caused by ‘victims’ own negligence’ among the Federal Fire Service (FFS) officers and workers of the EMERCOM of Russia within 2010 to 2021 timespan.Methods. The study examined 10,000 fire service officers to analyze the incidence of occupational injuries due to ‘victims’ own negligence within 2010 to 2021, depending on the injury-associated activity, patient’s position, age, type of injury, weekday and month of injury. We calculated arithmetic average values and errors (M ± m). By knowing the number of injuries and the number of fire service officers at risk, we calculated the risks of injury for specific occupational scenarios.Results and discussion. The FFS officers of the EMERCOM of Russia are subject to the average annual risk of injury due to victims’ own negligence of (4.49 ± 0.62) ∙ 10–4 injuries / (person ∙ year). The risk of injuries commissioned officers (5.54 ± 0.87) ∙ 10–4 injuries/(person ∙ year) exceeds that among non-commissioned workers (3,14 ± 0,29) ∙ 10–4 (injuries/person ∙ year). Over 12 years, the incidence of injuries saw a 2.7-fold decrease among commissioned officers and a 1.4-fold decrease among non-commissioned workers. The share of injuries due to ‘victims’ own negligence’ stood at 36 % of the total number of occupational injuries among fire service officers.Conclusion. The analysis of injury scenarios due to ‘victims’ own negligence’ among the FFS officers of the EMERCOM of Russia is a contribution to enhance prevention of occupational injuries among firefighters and reduce the death rate in occupational settings.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90840884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-39-48
A. Grebenyuk, P. V. Shibalov, B. B. Daraeva, V. I. Nikilchuk
Relevance. The pandemic of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) put at risk the largest investment project of the Amur Gas Processing Plant construction. To mitigate the risk of non-compliance with the construction plan, anti-epidemic, therapeutic and preventive measures were required, with vaccination being most effective.The objective is to analyze the experience of COVID-19 mass vaccination set-up and implementation among workers engaged in the construction of the Amur Gas Processing Plant (AGPP).Methodology. The object of the study is the AGPP project, which enrolled 32,800 ± 1,400 shift workers coming daily to the construction site from April to August 2021. Both Russian nationals foreigners from neighbouring and far away countries worked at the site. Construction personnel was rotated, with work periods lasting from 2 to 6 months each, and stayed in hostels on the temporary construction site premisess. Meals was served at local canteens. Mass vaccination of workers was carried out with the Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V) and Sputnik Light vaccines from 19.04.2021 to 17.10.2021, then until the end of the year, with vaccination of the newly arrived workforce going on as usual. The vaccines were administered intramuscularly within label. Methods of historical analysis and comparison, logical analysis, and expert assessments were used to analyze the effectiveness of mass vaccination. Statistical processing of quantitative indicators was carried out using generally accepted methods of statistical analysis.Results and discussion. The results of a retrospective analysis of COVID-19 mass vaccination set-up and implementation among workers engaged in the AGPZ construction project are presented. At preparation stage the number of workers to be vaccinated and the number of vaccination teams was identified, medical personnel was trained regarding storage, transportation and use of COVID-19 vaccines rules, and Gam-COVID-Vac and Sputnik Light vaccines were purchased and delivered to the infectious diseases hospital located directly at the AGPP construction site. Stage 1 was launched on 19.04.2021 and included mass vaccination of employed Russian nationals performed at the hospital outpatient care department allowing to vaccinate 3926 people with Gam-COVID-Vac. Stage 2 began on 28.06.2021 to provide the same vaccine to 8954 foreign workers from the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries. The vaccination unit was located in a temporary facility housed in a standalone building on the hospital premises. Stage 3 spanned from 24.07.2021 to 22.08.2021 to vaccinate foreign workers from far away countries. Mobile vaccination stations were deployed directly within the temporary construction camps allowing to administer the Sputnik Lite vaccine to 16175 people. In addition, 1,220 foreign workers arriving at the AGPP site from August to December 2021 were vaccinated with the same vaccine in the hospital vaccination room immediately upon arrival at the construction site.
{"title":"А case of mass vaccination against a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) at a large construction site","authors":"A. Grebenyuk, P. V. Shibalov, B. B. Daraeva, V. I. Nikilchuk","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-39-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-39-48","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The pandemic of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) put at risk the largest investment project of the Amur Gas Processing Plant construction. To mitigate the risk of non-compliance with the construction plan, anti-epidemic, therapeutic and preventive measures were required, with vaccination being most effective.The objective is to analyze the experience of COVID-19 mass vaccination set-up and implementation among workers engaged in the construction of the Amur Gas Processing Plant (AGPP).Methodology. The object of the study is the AGPP project, which enrolled 32,800 ± 1,400 shift workers coming daily to the construction site from April to August 2021. Both Russian nationals foreigners from neighbouring and far away countries worked at the site. Construction personnel was rotated, with work periods lasting from 2 to 6 months each, and stayed in hostels on the temporary construction site premisess. Meals was served at local canteens. Mass vaccination of workers was carried out with the Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V) and Sputnik Light vaccines from 19.04.2021 to 17.10.2021, then until the end of the year, with vaccination of the newly arrived workforce going on as usual. The vaccines were administered intramuscularly within label. Methods of historical analysis and comparison, logical analysis, and expert assessments were used to analyze the effectiveness of mass vaccination. Statistical processing of quantitative indicators was carried out using generally accepted methods of statistical analysis.Results and discussion. The results of a retrospective analysis of COVID-19 mass vaccination set-up and implementation among workers engaged in the AGPZ construction project are presented. At preparation stage the number of workers to be vaccinated and the number of vaccination teams was identified, medical personnel was trained regarding storage, transportation and use of COVID-19 vaccines rules, and Gam-COVID-Vac and Sputnik Light vaccines were purchased and delivered to the infectious diseases hospital located directly at the AGPP construction site. Stage 1 was launched on 19.04.2021 and included mass vaccination of employed Russian nationals performed at the hospital outpatient care department allowing to vaccinate 3926 people with Gam-COVID-Vac. Stage 2 began on 28.06.2021 to provide the same vaccine to 8954 foreign workers from the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries. The vaccination unit was located in a temporary facility housed in a standalone building on the hospital premises. Stage 3 spanned from 24.07.2021 to 22.08.2021 to vaccinate foreign workers from far away countries. Mobile vaccination stations were deployed directly within the temporary construction camps allowing to administer the Sputnik Lite vaccine to 16175 people. In addition, 1,220 foreign workers arriving at the AGPP site from August to December 2021 were vaccinated with the same vaccine in the hospital vaccination room immediately upon arrival at the construction site.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75567298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-56-62
O. M. Lyulko, V. I. Zolotareva
Relevance. In current realities, various models of disaster management and response have been implemented in disaster medicine across regions. In natural emergency scenarios, management and response efforts would hardly ever see functional unity of all the emergency response units of disaster medicine and civil defense with an integral management hierarchy and 24h duty.The study objective is to assess the efficiency of a new organizational model of disaster medicine service deployed in the Republic of Crimea to eliminate medical and sanitary consequences of heavy precipitation, large-scale flooding and mudslides, that hit the urban districts of Kerch, Yalta, on June 17-18, 2021.Methods. We studied the operations and response efforts undertaken in natural emergency setting by the Kerch disaster medicine and civil defense service and Yalta ambulance stations, both being part of the Regional Center for Disaster Medicine of the Republic of Crimea. In addition, we analyzed the abnormal atmospheric front passage with heavy precipitation in urban districts of Kerch (17.06.2021) and Yalta (18.06.2021).Results and discussion. At the very onset of natural emergency situation in the Republic of Crimea on June 17-18, 2021, dispatchers of the disaster medicine service, as well as dispatchers and managers of Yalta and Kerch ambulance stations implemented timely and adequate measures to ensure smooth operation of emergency medical units deployed in the emergency area. Those measures include prompt notification and engagement of management staff, deployment of transport vehicles and workforce to safe areas, recruitment of backup power sources into the grid, mobilized additional ambulance crews, as well as adequate assessment of incurred damages. The study provided the disaster medicine service with an unprecedented opportunity for real-time 24h. monitoring of the civil defense Center for Disaster Medicine operation in a natural emergency.Conclusion. The study allows to assess the format of integrating civil defense and disaster medicine forces under the shared management by the Disaster Medicine Center of the Republic of Crimea.
{"title":"Aspects of eliminating medical and sanitary consequences of the flood disaster in the Republic of Crimea on June 17–18, 2021","authors":"O. M. Lyulko, V. I. Zolotareva","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-56-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-56-62","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. In current realities, various models of disaster management and response have been implemented in disaster medicine across regions. In natural emergency scenarios, management and response efforts would hardly ever see functional unity of all the emergency response units of disaster medicine and civil defense with an integral management hierarchy and 24h duty.The study objective is to assess the efficiency of a new organizational model of disaster medicine service deployed in the Republic of Crimea to eliminate medical and sanitary consequences of heavy precipitation, large-scale flooding and mudslides, that hit the urban districts of Kerch, Yalta, on June 17-18, 2021.Methods. We studied the operations and response efforts undertaken in natural emergency setting by the Kerch disaster medicine and civil defense service and Yalta ambulance stations, both being part of the Regional Center for Disaster Medicine of the Republic of Crimea. In addition, we analyzed the abnormal atmospheric front passage with heavy precipitation in urban districts of Kerch (17.06.2021) and Yalta (18.06.2021).Results and discussion. At the very onset of natural emergency situation in the Republic of Crimea on June 17-18, 2021, dispatchers of the disaster medicine service, as well as dispatchers and managers of Yalta and Kerch ambulance stations implemented timely and adequate measures to ensure smooth operation of emergency medical units deployed in the emergency area. Those measures include prompt notification and engagement of management staff, deployment of transport vehicles and workforce to safe areas, recruitment of backup power sources into the grid, mobilized additional ambulance crews, as well as adequate assessment of incurred damages. The study provided the disaster medicine service with an unprecedented opportunity for real-time 24h. monitoring of the civil defense Center for Disaster Medicine operation in a natural emergency.Conclusion. The study allows to assess the format of integrating civil defense and disaster medicine forces under the shared management by the Disaster Medicine Center of the Republic of Crimea.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"128 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73920833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-15-23
E. A. Belova, V. Dancev, A. A. Kuzin, R. Lemeshkin
Relevance. Health preservation and promotion of among female population is fundamental for healthy demographics and national safety of the Russian Federation. Nowadays the female military make up approximately 8% of active military corps of the Russian Federation Armed Forces. At the same time, service in the army spans within active reproductive age. A woman’s health is largely determined by her social status, level of education, marital status, stress resistance and other factors.The objective is to assess medical, social and demographic characteristics of tuberculosis among social groups of the female military and female family members of the military.Methods. Individual and community medical records (medical histories, annual reports of healthcare services in military districts) were analyzed to identify medical, social and demographic characteristics of the female military, infected with tuberculosis (group 1, n = 62), and female family members of the military (group 2, n = 38), who had received treatment in the referral military medical institution from 2012 throughout 2021. Mathematical and statistic processing were carried out using Statistica10.0 software packages.Results and discussion. Nowadays, tuberculosis incidence in the female military of the Russian Armed Forces is within the limits of epidemic well-being. Unlike general Russian population, no case of HIV infection was detected among the female military infected with tuberculosis and having undergone medical examination from 2012 throughout 2021. A lot of healthcare professionals (17.7%) were registered among the tuberculosis-infected female family members of the military. Clinical forms of tuberculosis were dominated by infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (48.4%). Concomitant diseases in the studied cohort of tuberculosis-infected female patients were prevailed by gynecological (35.4%), endocrine (17.7%) and cardiovascular (12.9%) disorders.Conclusion. In the future the study of social, demographic and clinical characteristics of tuberculosis in the female military and female family members of the military allows to provide more targeted prevention, treatment and rehabilitation.
{"title":"Medical, social and demographic characteristics of tuberculosis patients among the female military and female family members of the military","authors":"E. A. Belova, V. Dancev, A. A. Kuzin, R. Lemeshkin","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-15-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-15-23","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Health preservation and promotion of among female population is fundamental for healthy demographics and national safety of the Russian Federation. Nowadays the female military make up approximately 8% of active military corps of the Russian Federation Armed Forces. At the same time, service in the army spans within active reproductive age. A woman’s health is largely determined by her social status, level of education, marital status, stress resistance and other factors.The objective is to assess medical, social and demographic characteristics of tuberculosis among social groups of the female military and female family members of the military.Methods. Individual and community medical records (medical histories, annual reports of healthcare services in military districts) were analyzed to identify medical, social and demographic characteristics of the female military, infected with tuberculosis (group 1, n = 62), and female family members of the military (group 2, n = 38), who had received treatment in the referral military medical institution from 2012 throughout 2021. Mathematical and statistic processing were carried out using Statistica10.0 software packages.Results and discussion. Nowadays, tuberculosis incidence in the female military of the Russian Armed Forces is within the limits of epidemic well-being. Unlike general Russian population, no case of HIV infection was detected among the female military infected with tuberculosis and having undergone medical examination from 2012 throughout 2021. A lot of healthcare professionals (17.7%) were registered among the tuberculosis-infected female family members of the military. Clinical forms of tuberculosis were dominated by infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (48.4%). Concomitant diseases in the studied cohort of tuberculosis-infected female patients were prevailed by gynecological (35.4%), endocrine (17.7%) and cardiovascular (12.9%) disorders.Conclusion. In the future the study of social, demographic and clinical characteristics of tuberculosis in the female military and female family members of the military allows to provide more targeted prevention, treatment and rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84596920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-75-88
A. A. Volodarskaya, A. V. Lobachev, A. Marchenko, I. J. Habarov
Relevance. Considering the demand for additional efficient methods among clinicians to assess military mental health, instrumental methods, including psychophysiological and neuropsychological tools, providing objectifying detection of mental disorders (MD) are of particular importance. Event-related potentials (ERP) are a promising additional method of objectification of psychopathological manifestations, allowing to obtain neurophysiological parameters for processes associated with arbitrary attention, identification and decision-making.Objective. The study provides a generalized analysis of contemporary investigations and research outcomes regarding event-related potentials as a diagnostic tool for mental disorders, its diagnostic and prognostic potential in medical examination of military mental disorders.Methods. To assess the ERP diagnostic informative value, we analyzed over 40 scientific studies published within the last 10 years dealing with event-related potentials and their implementation in MDs, various brain structure damages and associated functional disorders. We also summarized the results of applying this method to study patients’ cognitive abilities and integrative functions.Results and discussion. Our analysis of scientific studies shows that the ERP value differs significantly for various MDs, such as: schizophrenic spectrum disorders, affective disorders, or addictive pathology. The conclusion suggests that the assessment of the parameters associated with various ERP modifications can improve objectivity of diagnostic and prognostic outcomes in military mental disorders.Conclusion. Event-related potentials is a promising method of diagnostic significance to assess severity of perception, attention, short-term memory damage, as well as cognitive disorders. ERP can help determine the boundary values and diagnostic criteria, as well as evaluate treatment efficiency and outcomes in military mental disorders. Moreover, ERP could be a promise as an additional research method to objectify MDs in mental state assessment of the military at military medical examination.
{"title":"Prospects of using event-related potentials in medical examination of military mental disorders","authors":"A. A. Volodarskaya, A. V. Lobachev, A. Marchenko, I. J. Habarov","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-75-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-75-88","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Considering the demand for additional efficient methods among clinicians to assess military mental health, instrumental methods, including psychophysiological and neuropsychological tools, providing objectifying detection of mental disorders (MD) are of particular importance. Event-related potentials (ERP) are a promising additional method of objectification of psychopathological manifestations, allowing to obtain neurophysiological parameters for processes associated with arbitrary attention, identification and decision-making.Objective. The study provides a generalized analysis of contemporary investigations and research outcomes regarding event-related potentials as a diagnostic tool for mental disorders, its diagnostic and prognostic potential in medical examination of military mental disorders.Methods. To assess the ERP diagnostic informative value, we analyzed over 40 scientific studies published within the last 10 years dealing with event-related potentials and their implementation in MDs, various brain structure damages and associated functional disorders. We also summarized the results of applying this method to study patients’ cognitive abilities and integrative functions.Results and discussion. Our analysis of scientific studies shows that the ERP value differs significantly for various MDs, such as: schizophrenic spectrum disorders, affective disorders, or addictive pathology. The conclusion suggests that the assessment of the parameters associated with various ERP modifications can improve objectivity of diagnostic and prognostic outcomes in military mental disorders.Conclusion. Event-related potentials is a promising method of diagnostic significance to assess severity of perception, attention, short-term memory damage, as well as cognitive disorders. ERP can help determine the boundary values and diagnostic criteria, as well as evaluate treatment efficiency and outcomes in military mental disorders. Moreover, ERP could be a promise as an additional research method to objectify MDs in mental state assessment of the military at military medical examination.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86143553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-24-38
A. Birkun
Relevance. The probability of resuscitation in cardiac arrest depends on incident eyewitnesses’ ability to timely and correctly provide first aid to the victim. However, such skills require appropriate training. With poor availability of face-to-face training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), alternative training formats, including online e-learning, are gaining prominence to ensure widest dissemination of the life-saving competencies among general population.The objective is to study personal experience and attitudes among the individuals who completed the publicly available open online course on basic CPR (basic life support) skills in order to identify prospects and practical value of such online distance training aimed at CPR skills mainstreaming and better training availability.Methods. From July 2020 to August 2022, we conducted an anonymous survey among individuals who had completed the public open online course on basic life support training presented in Russian language. Our digital questionnaire included 16 questions designed to collect information on prior CPR training experience, training constraints, willingness to engage in volunteer teaching of CPR principles and respondent demographics. Data was analyzed using nonparametric statistics.Results and discussion. The analytical sample included 4342 respondents, mostly residents of Russia (81.1 %), including women (63.1 %), individuals aged under 40 y. (81.2 %), those without prior medical education (84.9 %), as well as schoolchildren and students (41.5 %). 44.2 % of respondents received no prior CPR training before the online course, mainly because they had been unaware of its practical value (39.4 % of respondents without CPR training experience) or had not known where to get trained (34.4 %). 76.3 % of respondents confirmed willingness to engage in volunteer teaching of CPR principles. Willingness to teach CPR to other individuals was related to prior experience of resuscitation training (the rate of respondents ready for CPR teaching was 77.5 % among those with prior resuscitation training and 74.9 % among those without such prior training, p = 0.043).Conclusion. Poor public awareness of CPR training importance and limited availability of training are the major constraints in acquiring life-saving knowledge and skills. As a publicly available tool for remote self-training, including within blended distant-classroom learning, the free online training course opens up great prospects for extensive mainstreaming of first aid skills, offering broad public coverage. The majority of online training graduates are willing to engage in volunteer CPR teaching, thus providing additional opportunities to increase availability of CPR training.
{"title":"Publicly available online course as a promising tool for teaching and promoting first aid skills in cardiac arrest","authors":"A. Birkun","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-24-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-24-38","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The probability of resuscitation in cardiac arrest depends on incident eyewitnesses’ ability to timely and correctly provide first aid to the victim. However, such skills require appropriate training. With poor availability of face-to-face training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), alternative training formats, including online e-learning, are gaining prominence to ensure widest dissemination of the life-saving competencies among general population.The objective is to study personal experience and attitudes among the individuals who completed the publicly available open online course on basic CPR (basic life support) skills in order to identify prospects and practical value of such online distance training aimed at CPR skills mainstreaming and better training availability.Methods. From July 2020 to August 2022, we conducted an anonymous survey among individuals who had completed the public open online course on basic life support training presented in Russian language. Our digital questionnaire included 16 questions designed to collect information on prior CPR training experience, training constraints, willingness to engage in volunteer teaching of CPR principles and respondent demographics. Data was analyzed using nonparametric statistics.Results and discussion. The analytical sample included 4342 respondents, mostly residents of Russia (81.1 %), including women (63.1 %), individuals aged under 40 y. (81.2 %), those without prior medical education (84.9 %), as well as schoolchildren and students (41.5 %). 44.2 % of respondents received no prior CPR training before the online course, mainly because they had been unaware of its practical value (39.4 % of respondents without CPR training experience) or had not known where to get trained (34.4 %). 76.3 % of respondents confirmed willingness to engage in volunteer teaching of CPR principles. Willingness to teach CPR to other individuals was related to prior experience of resuscitation training (the rate of respondents ready for CPR teaching was 77.5 % among those with prior resuscitation training and 74.9 % among those without such prior training, p = 0.043).Conclusion. Poor public awareness of CPR training importance and limited availability of training are the major constraints in acquiring life-saving knowledge and skills. As a publicly available tool for remote self-training, including within blended distant-classroom learning, the free online training course opens up great prospects for extensive mainstreaming of first aid skills, offering broad public coverage. The majority of online training graduates are willing to engage in volunteer CPR teaching, thus providing additional opportunities to increase availability of CPR training.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81759847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-99-116
V. Evdokimov, V. Shamrey, M. S. Pluzhnik
Relevance. Last decades have seen an increase in local wars and armed conflicts, that more often than not are associated with manifestations of combat stress and other types of stress-associated psychic disorders in the military and civilians. Prompt prevention of acute (short-term) events of combat psychic trauma (combat stress) can be associated with subsequent adaptive stress response and general increase physical adaptability to extreme pathogenic impacts (including combat-specific factors); in absent, such events transform into chronic (persistent) conditions within clinically defined stress-associated psychic disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) in the long-term and comorbid psychosomatic pathology.The objective is to use VOSviewer software to study research prospects in publications by Russian investigators on combat stress (2005–2021).Methods. The search engine yielded 894 references to publications on combat stress issues, indexed with the Russian Science Citation Index from 2005 through 2021. Publications on the special military operation in Ukraine were not considered. In terms of content, the papers were aligned with rubrics of the classifier. Investigators who had published the largest number of articles underwent scientometric assessment. VOSviewer software was used to identify the largest scientific clusters and networks. The paper reports median values, the upper and lower quartiles (Me [q25; q75]) of mean annual number of published papers.Results and discussion. Annually, fifty-seven 57 [44; 64] papers on combat stress published in Russia were indexed. The distribution by research field included general combat stress problems issues – 7 %, biological aspects – 11.1 %, medical aspects – 23 %, social and psychological aspects – 58.9 %. Content structure dynamics revealed an upward trend in the number of papers devoted to general, biological, social and psychological problems, with a decrease in the number of papers on medical issues. With 9 repetitive key words or 4 repetitive authors, VOSviewer software identified 5 clusters of papers and 11 academic co-authorships. Cluster 1 included a set of papers on combat stress disorder with Total Link Strength of 40.1 %, cluster 2 – social and psychological problems of combat stress (22.2 %), cluster 3rd – psychosomatic disorders in combat veterans (13.1 %), cluster 4 – human behavior in extreme environments (12.4 %), cluster 5 – stress manifestations in civilians during combat operations (12.2 %).Conclusion. The conducted research demonstrates a focus shift of content in Russian academic publications on combat stress from medical issues to social and psychological repercussions, as well as increased number of papers on the diagnostics of human behavior amid vital stress conditions, development of stress-related mental resistance, psychoprophylaxis, psychological correction and psychotherapy of stress and post-stress disorders. An academic e-library provides researche
{"title":"Combat stress research prospects in Russian academic publications analyzed using to VOSviewer software (2005–2021)","authors":"V. Evdokimov, V. Shamrey, M. S. Pluzhnik","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-99-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-99-116","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Last decades have seen an increase in local wars and armed conflicts, that more often than not are associated with manifestations of combat stress and other types of stress-associated psychic disorders in the military and civilians. Prompt prevention of acute (short-term) events of combat psychic trauma (combat stress) can be associated with subsequent adaptive stress response and general increase physical adaptability to extreme pathogenic impacts (including combat-specific factors); in absent, such events transform into chronic (persistent) conditions within clinically defined stress-associated psychic disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) in the long-term and comorbid psychosomatic pathology.The objective is to use VOSviewer software to study research prospects in publications by Russian investigators on combat stress (2005–2021).Methods. The search engine yielded 894 references to publications on combat stress issues, indexed with the Russian Science Citation Index from 2005 through 2021. Publications on the special military operation in Ukraine were not considered. In terms of content, the papers were aligned with rubrics of the classifier. Investigators who had published the largest number of articles underwent scientometric assessment. VOSviewer software was used to identify the largest scientific clusters and networks. The paper reports median values, the upper and lower quartiles (Me [q25; q75]) of mean annual number of published papers.Results and discussion. Annually, fifty-seven 57 [44; 64] papers on combat stress published in Russia were indexed. The distribution by research field included general combat stress problems issues – 7 %, biological aspects – 11.1 %, medical aspects – 23 %, social and psychological aspects – 58.9 %. Content structure dynamics revealed an upward trend in the number of papers devoted to general, biological, social and psychological problems, with a decrease in the number of papers on medical issues. With 9 repetitive key words or 4 repetitive authors, VOSviewer software identified 5 clusters of papers and 11 academic co-authorships. Cluster 1 included a set of papers on combat stress disorder with Total Link Strength of 40.1 %, cluster 2 – social and psychological problems of combat stress (22.2 %), cluster 3rd – psychosomatic disorders in combat veterans (13.1 %), cluster 4 – human behavior in extreme environments (12.4 %), cluster 5 – stress manifestations in civilians during combat operations (12.2 %).Conclusion. The conducted research demonstrates a focus shift of content in Russian academic publications on combat stress from medical issues to social and psychological repercussions, as well as increased number of papers on the diagnostics of human behavior amid vital stress conditions, development of stress-related mental resistance, psychoprophylaxis, psychological correction and psychotherapy of stress and post-stress disorders. An academic e-library provides researche","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87747003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-49-55
E. V. Morozova, V. A. Zheleznyak, I. Soldatov
Relevance. Destruction of toxic chemicals is impregnated with hazardous working conditions. In this regard, health monitoring in such workers is subject to more stringent requirements. Occupation-related difficulties in dental care availability cause faster dental health deterioration in the military. This adds relevance to finding and developing modern, rational and effective therapy and prevention measures tailored to specific working conditions the sites of toxic waste destruction.The objective is to evaluate the prevalence and structure of dental diseases and oral cavity disorders in the military exposed to toxic chemicals.Methods. A total of 178 male and female contracted military aged 27-50 years were examined within general medical examination required for admission to work with toxic chemicals. Standard dental methods were used during the examination: interview, visual, physical, and instrumental examinations. Examination data were fed into individual military medical records (form No. 2), as well as into earlier record forms.Results and discussion. Examined patients showed high prevalence of dental diseases (99.4 %), in particular, diseases of dental hard tissues and complicated dental caries. No less than half of the examined (54.5 %) required orthopedic dental treatment. More than 80 % of the examined revealed poor oral hygiene.Conclusion. Considering the high demand (90 %) for sanitation among the military, causing the 25% level of complicated f caries, with average tooth crown destruction score of 0.9 and absence of a staff dentist due to the small size of military units, it is deemed reasonable to involve specialists based on a prior agreed schedule and ensure compliance with developed methods and recommendations.
{"title":"Epidemiologic assessment of dental health in the military exposed to toxic chemicals","authors":"E. V. Morozova, V. A. Zheleznyak, I. Soldatov","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-49-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-49-55","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Destruction of toxic chemicals is impregnated with hazardous working conditions. In this regard, health monitoring in such workers is subject to more stringent requirements. Occupation-related difficulties in dental care availability cause faster dental health deterioration in the military. This adds relevance to finding and developing modern, rational and effective therapy and prevention measures tailored to specific working conditions the sites of toxic waste destruction.The objective is to evaluate the prevalence and structure of dental diseases and oral cavity disorders in the military exposed to toxic chemicals.Methods. A total of 178 male and female contracted military aged 27-50 years were examined within general medical examination required for admission to work with toxic chemicals. Standard dental methods were used during the examination: interview, visual, physical, and instrumental examinations. Examination data were fed into individual military medical records (form No. 2), as well as into earlier record forms.Results and discussion. Examined patients showed high prevalence of dental diseases (99.4 %), in particular, diseases of dental hard tissues and complicated dental caries. No less than half of the examined (54.5 %) required orthopedic dental treatment. More than 80 % of the examined revealed poor oral hygiene.Conclusion. Considering the high demand (90 %) for sanitation among the military, causing the 25% level of complicated f caries, with average tooth crown destruction score of 0.9 and absence of a staff dentist due to the small size of military units, it is deemed reasonable to involve specialists based on a prior agreed schedule and ensure compliance with developed methods and recommendations. ","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83670201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-117-122
A. Editorial
.
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{"title":"Index of articles of journal “Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations” 2022","authors":"A. Editorial","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-117-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2023-0-2-117-122","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"160 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73743172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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