Groundwater Simulation Model for Sirhind Canal Tract of Punjab

Abstract

Groundwater is the basic source of irrigation in the state of Punjab. Due to seasonal supply of surface water, groundwater is used dominantly in the state, which has led to the alarming decrease in the water levels. To understand the spatial and temporal pattern of groundwater, a groundwater model for Sirhind Canal Tract of Punjab was simulated using PMWIN. The model was calibrated for the period of 1996-97 to 2000-01 and validated for the period 2001-02 to 2005-06.Recharge due to irrigation and rainfall was estimated in accordance with GEC (1997) methods. Different statistical tests revealed that there was good agreement between observed and simulated hydraulic heads. Sensitivity analysis showed that the model was more sensitive to specific yield then hydraulic conductivity values. The simulated model can be effectively used for sustainable management of water resources.