Features of the epidemiological situation with acute urogenital gonococcal infection in the Perm Region for the period from 2010 to 2021

Abstract

Background. According to WHO, more than 60 million people get sick with gonococcal infection every year in the world. Recently, there has been a decrease in the incidence of gonorrhea in Russia, but in addition to N.gonorrhoeae, other microorganisms may also take part in the development of acute urethritis. However, there is no record of morbidity for them.Aim. To analyze the epidemiological situation of the incidence of аcute genital gonococcal infection and urethral nonspecific inflammatory diseases in the Perm Region for the period 2010-2021.Material and Methods. A comparative retrospective analysis of the incidence of аcute genital gonococcal infection and urogenital tract nonspecific inflammatory diseases among patients of the Perm Region was carried out. The annually published data of official statistics were used. The data on the incidence of genital tract nonspecific inflammatory diseases were obtained from outpatient patient records of three clinics in the city of Perm. Epidemiological and statistical methods of information processing are used in the work. The Pearson coefficient was used for correlation analysis.Results. The long-term dynamics of the incidence of аcute genital gonococcal infection among the population of the Perm Region was characterized by a pronounced downward trend. However, in recent years there has been an increase in the number of genital tract infections in women and men. The decrease in the incidence of аcute genital gonococcal infection is most likely due to the fact that when the properties of N. gonorrhoeae change, laboratory diagnosis becomes significantly more difficult and often leads to false negative results. In addition, the high polymorphism of cultural, morphological and biochemical properties of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms further complicates the identification stage of the isolated strains.Conclusion. As a result, against the background of a decrease in the incidence of аcute genital gonococcal infection, an increase in the incidence of genital tract nonspecific inflammatory diseases was revealed. The peculiarities of the epidemic process of аcute genital gonococcal infection and urogenital tract, as well as the complexity of laboratory diagnostics of these conditions cause their untimely detection.