Bacteria Isolated from Canada’s White Rabbit Cave Revealed Antimicrobial Activities

Fine focus Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI:10.33043/ff.9.1.66-83
Monica H. Walsh, S. Ghosh, Alfredo Ponce, Chris James, Gabrielle Kam, Tanna Lauriente, Vincent Yu, Kirk Safford, N. Cheeptham
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Abstract

Caves offer a unique habitat for microorganisms, which allow the adaptation of exclusive metabolic pathways to the resources available. This environment could enable the production of primary and secondary metabolites with unique antimicrobial or enzymatic properties. White Rabbit Cave is located in the Monashee Mountain range in south-central British Columbia, a metamorphic range not known for cave and karst development. The present study has recovered bacterial isolates from the White Rabbit Cave and assessed them for their antimicrobial properties by employing the agar plug assay. One hundred and six bacterial isolates were cultivated from the collected samples, among which, five bacterial isolates displayed antimicrobial properties against a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain. Furthermore, these five isolates were identified with 16S rRNA gene sequencing and through phylogenetic analysis. It has been observed that three of them (B076, B053, and B079) were identified as Streptomyces spp. (Phylum Actinobacteria) while the other two were recognized as Paenibacillus spp. (B039) and Paenibacillus terrae (B016) (Phylum Firmicutes). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that identifies bacterial species with antimicrobial properties from White Rabbit Cave in the Monashee Mountain range in British Columbia, Canada.
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从加拿大白兔洞中分离出的细菌显示出抗菌活性
洞穴为微生物提供了一个独特的栖息地,使其能够适应独特的代谢途径,以适应可用的资源。这种环境可以产生具有独特抗菌或酶特性的初级和次级代谢物。白兔洞位于不列颠哥伦比亚省中南部的Monashee山脉,这是一个不以洞穴和喀斯特发育而闻名的变质山脉。本研究从白兔洞中回收了细菌分离株,并采用琼脂塞法对其抗菌性能进行了评估。从收集的样品中培养出106株细菌,其中5株细菌对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)表现出抗菌活性。通过16S rRNA基因测序和系统发育分析对5株分离株进行了鉴定。其中3个(B076、B053和B079)被鉴定为链霉菌属(放线菌门),另外2个被鉴定为芽孢杆菌属(B039)和地芽孢杆菌属(B016)(厚壁菌门)。据我们所知,这是第一次在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省莫纳希山脉的白兔洞中发现具有抗菌特性的细菌种类。
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