Andromonoecy and Floral Protandry of Oenanthe aquatica (Apiaceae)

V. Godin, T. V. Arkhipova, Maria A. Vetlova, Natalia G. Kuranova
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Abstract

The paper studies the synflorescence structure and flowering biology of the biennial monocarpic wetland plant Oenanthe aquatica. This species has a set of adaptations to prevent self-pollination, including generation of a pseudanthium, andromonoecy, intra- and interfloral protandry, and a specific sequence of flowering within its umbels. The synflorescence of O. aquatica is a panicle of umbels. The size of perfect and male flowers consistently decreases as the order of synflorescence axes grows. The size-related differences between perfect and staminate flowers on axes of the same branching order consist only in the length of their calyx abaxial teeth, corolla diameter, width of abaxial petals, length and width of anthers, and length and height of stylopodium. We have identified two arrangements of staminate flowers in O. aquatica: male flowers are located at the periphery or in the center of the umbellets. The share of staminate flowers in umbels increases as an axis order grows. The female phase of flowers on axes of one order occurs simultaneously within entire synflorescences with the male phase of flowers on axes of the next order, which might mean geitonogamy. Perfect flowers live for five to seven days, while staminate flowers function for no more than one day. The article contains 4 Figures, 2 Tables, 32 References. The Authors declare no conflict of interest.
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仙女座和花丛的守护者
本文研究了二年生单旱湿地植物水草的同花期结构和开花生物学。该物种具有一系列防止自花授粉的适应性,包括假花蕊的产生、雄蕊同株、花内和花间原雄蕊以及伞形花序内特定的开花序列。水草的共花序是伞形花序的圆锥花序。完美花和雄花的大小随着顺花轴的顺序不断减小。同一枝阶轴上的雄蕊花和完花花的大小差异仅表现在花萼背面齿的长度、花冠直径、背面花瓣的宽度、花药的长度和宽度以及花柱的长度和高度上。我们鉴定了水陆花雄蕊花的两种排列方式:雄花位于伞形花序的外围或中心。雄蕊花在伞形花序中的比例随着轴序的生长而增加。一阶轴上花的雌花期与下一阶轴上花的雄花期同时发生在整个同花系中,这可能意味着雌雄同体。完美的花朵能存活5到7天,而雄蕊花的存活时间不超过一天。本文包含4张图,2张表,32篇参考文献。作者声明无利益冲突。
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