The Scriptural Shape of God: Divine Anthropomorphisms in Synoptic Perspective

IF 0.5 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION New Testament Studies Pub Date : 2023-03-08 DOI:10.1017/S0028688522000364
Brittany E. Wilson
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Abstract

Abstract Although an increasing number of works are focusing on depictions of God in the New Testament, none so far specifically focus on how these depictions rely on anthropomorphic language in their presentation of God. This article attends to this oversight by turning to the Synoptic Gospels (and the book of Acts) as a test case. Not only do these narratives lack an explicit anti-anthropomorphic agenda, but they also rely on divine anthropomorphisms that are derived from Jewish Scripture. To demonstrate this claim, the article concentrates on how Matthew and Luke expand Mark's anthropomorphic presentation of God and how Luke's presentation emerges as the most anthropomorphic of all. It also discusses how Mark, Matthew, and Luke's respective narratives depict God's human, or human-like, characteristics according to the following four categories: (1) God's human roles and titles, (2) God's depiction as an acting subject who speaks and desires to be in relationship with humans, (3) God's concrete presence located in space, and finally, (4) God's description as a character with recognisable body parts and other markers of corporeality. In the end, we shall see that anthropomorphism is a central component of God's characterisation in the Synoptics and that this anthropomorphic characterisation better enables readers to see the Jewish, scriptural shape of God as a personal deity who desires to be in relationship with humans.
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《圣经》中上帝的形像:对观观中的神的拟人论
尽管越来越多的作品关注新约中对上帝的描述,但迄今为止还没有人特别关注这些描述如何依靠拟人化的语言来呈现上帝。本文以对观福音书(和使徒行传)为例,讨论这种疏忽。这些叙述不仅缺乏明确的反拟人化议程,而且还依赖于源自犹太圣经的神的拟人化。为了证明这一说法,本文将重点放在马太和路加如何扩展马可对上帝的拟人化描述,以及路加的描述如何成为所有拟人化描述中最具拟人化的。它还讨论了马可、马太和路加各自的叙述如何根据以下四类描述上帝的人类或类人特征:(1)上帝的人类角色和头衔,(2)上帝作为一个说话并渴望与人类建立关系的行为主体的描述,(3)上帝在空间中的具体存在,最后,(4)上帝作为一个具有可识别的身体部位和其他肉体标记的角色的描述。最后,我们会看到,拟人化是对观福音书中上帝特征的核心组成部分,这种拟人化的特征更好地让读者看到,犹太人,圣经中上帝的形象,作为一个个人的神,他渴望与人类建立关系。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
33
期刊介绍: New Testament Studies is an international peer-reviewed periodical whose contributors include the leading New Testament scholars writing in the world today. The journal publishes original articles and short studies in English, French and German on a wide range of issues pertaining to the origins, history, context and theology of the New Testament and early Christianity. All contributions represent research at the cutting edge of the discipline, which has developed a wide range of methods. The journal welcomes submissions employing any such methods in recent years. The periodical embraces exegetical, historical, literary-critical, sociological, theological and other approaches to the New Testament, including studies in its history of interpretation and effects.
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