Effect of Parasitic Patch for the Radiation Characteristics Microstrip Antenna Planar Array with Distribution Edge

Abstract

— Power Domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (PD-NOMA) is one of the multiple access schemes that increase a channel capacity by focusing on the downlink side. This study stems from the facilitation of various narrow and sharp beams with a high gain and directivity, so the users can maximize each of the sharp beams and have higher power efficiency. The higher the power efficiency is, the higher the throughput will be since it is directly proportional to the increased channel capacity. This study employs an edge weight to design the arrangement of a planar microstrip antenna with the uniformly-spaced N elements (λ/2). The antenna design starts from 1x3 to 1x6, and it will produce a multi-beam pattern with a 5G 2.6-GHz operating frequency. Each patch is separated by λ /2 employing a parasitic and a non-parasitic patch, with the value of S 11 amounting to below -20 dB. There is a novelty in this study in that it is found out that the characteristic of the number of the main lobes for the antenna’s even number is N+1, and the characteristic of the number of the main lobes for the antenna’s odd number is N. With the multi-beam characteristics that are narrow and sharp, the gain and directivity values are getting higher. Furthermore, the parasitic patches or no parasitic patches only affect the side lobe and do not significantly affect the main lobe. 