HEB: Deploying and managing hybrid energy buffers for improving datacenter efficiency and economy

Longjun Liu, Chao Li, Hongbin Sun, Yang Hu, Juncheng Gu, Tao Li, J. Xin, Nanning Zheng
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引用次数: 53

Abstract

Today, an increasing number of applications and services are being hosted by large-scale data centers. The massive and irregular load surges challenge data center power infrastructures. As a result, power mismatching between supply and demand has emerged as a crucial issue in modern data centers which are either under-provisioned or powered by intermittent power sources. Recent proposals have employed energy storage devices such as the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems to address this issue. However, current approaches lack the capacity of efficiently handling the irregular and unpredictable power mismatches. In this paper, we propose Hybrid Energy Buffering (HEB), the first heterogeneous and adaptive strategy that incorporates super-capacitors (SCs) into existing data centers to dynamically deal with power mismatches. Our techniques exploit diverse energy absorbing characteristics and intelligent load assignment policies to provide efficiency-and scenario- aware power mismatch management. More attractively, our management schemes make the costly energy storage devices more affordable and economical for datacenter-scale usage. We evaluate the HEB design with a real system prototype. Compared with a homogenous battery energy buffering system, HEB could improve energy efficiency by 39.7%, extend UPS lifetime by 4.7×, reduce system downtime by 41% and improve renewable energy utilization by 81.2%. Our TCO analysis shows that HEB manifests high ROI and is able to gain more than 1.9× peak shaving benefit during an 8-years period. It allows datacenters to adapt to various power supply anomalies, thereby improving operational efficiency, resiliency and economy.
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HEB:部署和管理混合能源缓冲,以提高数据中心的效率和经济性
如今,越来越多的应用程序和服务由大型数据中心托管。数据中心电力基础设施面临着巨大且不规则的负载激增挑战。因此,供应和需求之间的电力不匹配已经成为现代数据中心的一个关键问题,这些数据中心要么供应不足,要么由间歇性电源供电。最近的建议采用储能设备,如不间断电源(UPS)系统来解决这个问题。然而,目前的方法缺乏有效处理不规则和不可预测的功率不匹配的能力。在本文中,我们提出了混合能量缓冲(HEB),这是第一个异构和自适应策略,该策略将超级电容器(SCs)集成到现有数据中心中以动态处理功率不匹配。我们的技术利用不同的能量吸收特性和智能负载分配策略来提供效率和场景感知的功率失配管理。更吸引人的是,我们的管理方案使昂贵的能量存储设备更经济实惠,适合数据中心规模的使用。我们用一个真实的系统原型来评估HEB设计。与同质电池能量缓冲系统相比,HEB可提高39.7%的能源效率,延长UPS寿命4.7倍,减少41%的系统停机时间,提高81.2%的可再生能源利用率。我们的TCO分析表明,HEB具有较高的投资回报率,并且能够在8年期间获得超过1.9倍的峰值收益。它使数据中心能够适应各种供电异常,从而提高运营效率、弹性和经济性。
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