The Best Life in Aristotle’s Politics

IF 0.3 3区历史学 0 CLASSICS POLIS Pub Date : 2022-05-11 DOI:10.1163/20512996-12340368

Keita Ishino

引用次数: 0

Abstract

It is often emphasized that the Athenians viewed philosophy as essentially apolitical or anti-political. Placed in this context, Aristotle’s Politics 7.1–7.3 deserves special attention because here Aristotle presents his argument on the best life for ‘each human being (ἑκάστῳ τε τῶν ἀνθρώπων) and commonly for cities and human beings (κοινῇ ταῖς πόλεσι καὶ τοῖς ἀνθρώποις)’, which culminates in his conclusion that ‘the same life (τὸν αὐτὸν βίον)’ is the best for them (Pol. 7.3.1325b30–32). This paper attempts to show that ‘the same life’ does not mean a life consisting of activity of the same content but rather of the same type or kind, and that Aristotle semantically differentiates between ἑκάστῳ τε τῶν ἀνθρώπων and τοῖς ἀνθρώποις and assigns a sphere of philosophy to the former and a sphere of politics to the latter, which helps him mitigate the tension between the philosophical life and the political life.

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亚里士多德《政治学》中最美好的生活

人们经常强调，雅典人认为哲学本质上是非政治的或反政治的。在这种背景下，亚里士多德的《政治学》7.1-7.3值得特别注意，因为亚里士多德在这里提出了他关于“每个人(τ κ τ τ τε τ ν ν ν νθρώπων)和城市和人类(κοιν ν τα ν ς πόλεσι κα ν το ο ς ς νθρώποις)”的最佳生活的论点，这最终导致他的结论是“同样的生活(τ τ ν α ι τ τ ν β ν)”对他们来说是最好的(Pol. 7.3.1325b30-32)。本文试图说明，“相同的生活”并不意味着由相同内容的活动组成的生活，而是由相同类型或种类的活动组成的生活，亚里士多德在语义上区分了τ κ α στ τ τ ν τ ζ νθρώπων和το ο ς ς νθρώποις，并为前者分配了一个哲学领域，为后者分配了一个政治领域，这有助于他缓和哲学生活与政治生活之间的紧张关系。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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