Predictors of Medication Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the predictors of medication adherence behavior and the role of self-efficacy in the medication adherence of people with diabetes. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional descrip-tive-analytical study. One hundred forty-eight samples were selected through the formula of difference of means. Measure tools consisted of a demographic questionnaire, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, and psychological constructs questionnaires. SPSS20 software was used for descriptive statistics tests and calculation of correlation coefficients between vari - ables. Amos 8.80 was used to implement the structural equation modeling method. Results: The mean age of participants was 54.1 ± 8.2 and mean of body mass index (BMI) was 28.3 ± 4.5. Correlation coefficients between medication com - pliance behavior and the constructs of knowledge (r = 0.382, p < 0.01), attitude (r = 0.422, p < 0.01), subjective norms (r = 0.312, 05 p < 0.05), self-efficacy (r = 0.481, p < 0.05) and fear (r = 0.305, p < 0.05) were positive and significant. In general, the strongest correlation coefficient was reported between attitude and self-efficacy (r = 0.516, p < 0.01). The fit indices generally showed that the data fitted well with the assumed model. Self-efficacy was the most impor - tant construct that directly influenced medication adherence ( β = 0.585, p < 0.05), followed by attitude ( β = 0.328, p < 0.05) and fear ( β = 0.265, p < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, it was shown that various factors affect medication adherence behavior, among which self-efficacy is the most important reason, and subjective norms, attitude and norms and awareness of factors affecting medication adherence behavior. (Clin Diabetol 2023; 12; 4: 253–260)