Macrophage Activation Syndrome Discovered During Pregnancy: Case Report

Abstract

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) or Haemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) results from an inappropriate stimulation of macrophages in bone marrow and lymphoid organs, leading to haemophagocytosis and hypercytokinemia. HPS may be primitive, essentially in pediatric population, or secondary to malignancy, infection or autoimmune disease. This disease is rare and prognosis is poor. The diagnosis of hemophagocytic syndrome remains a challenge especially during pregnancy. We report a case collected at the Elharouchimaternity service, taken in charge jointly with its intensive care unit, of a 26-year-old patient with no pathological history leading to an unsuccessful pregnancy presumed at 5 months in whom the MAS syndrome was retained due to pancytopenia. , hyperferitinemia, hypertriglyceridemia with the presence of a few hemophagocytes in the myelogram with a good evolution under bolus of solumedrol and symptomatic treatment. We discuss through this case the diagnostic difficulties, the obstetric complications as well as the options therapeutic.