Sixty years of manned space flight in the light of Russian legislation in the field of radiation safety. Basic principles in Russian manned flights. Part 2 (in the order of discussion)

Abstract

This article is the second of two interrelated ones, in which, in order to discuss from the point of view the basic principles of ensuring radiation safety, the 60-year evolution of the regulation of radiation safety of space flights (RSSF) and radiation safety in ground conditions is compared. The first article is devoted to the analysis of the implementation of basic principles in the recom-mendations of the ICRP and in Russian legislation. It is recognized that the principles played a positive methodological role, but at present the inclusion of their wording in legal and regulatory documents seems unnecessary to the author. In this article, a detailed analysis of documents regulating the RSSF and the implementation of the basic principles in them is carried out. It is concluded that the concept of risk is more fully used in relation to RSSF and even standards have been adopted for its calculation. It is argued that the arguments proposed to reduce dose limits for near-Earth flights contradict basic principles. The need for such a reduction is denied. It is proposed to carry out the planned changes of FL of RSP and NRS in relation to various conditions and circumstances of exposure, including to allocate RSSF in FL RSP as a special area of regulation.