Adult colouring: the effect of app-based vs. pen-and-paper colouring on mindfulness and anxiety

Abstract

conclusions App-based colouring may be a contemporary timeand cost-effective intervention in reducing anxiety. However, the non-significant increase in mindfulness appears challenging when attempting to justify the results. The effectiveness of colouring apart from mindfulness is seen through potential constructs such as flow, and display a limitation that requires further reflections on guidance to enhance mindfulness through colouring. Future directions are discussed.