Non-invasive methods in autopsy in practice of pathologists and forensic experts: from the appearance to the present day

M. Mnikhovich, M. Lozina, I. A. Shiripenko, O. A. Sidorova, T. Bezuglova, A. V. Romanov
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Abstract

   This paper presents a literature review evaluating virtopsy options, its development over time and the scope of application nowadays. To analyze the literature sources, we searched for the keyword “virtopsy” in Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, and RSCI databases for the period 2006–2022, the results included 199 sources. Of these, 73 publications including original and review papers were selected for review. It is known that diagnosis verification and therapy correction are largely possible only thanks to the work of pathologists. The coincidence of the post-mortem diagnosis with the lifetime diagnosis opens up the possibility to optimize the course of therapy in similar cases. The literature analysis allows us to conclude that the level of imaging accuracy and frequency of successful interpretations of post-mortem radiological examinations have increased significantly, the fact being associated both with an improved quality of X-ray optical and scanning equipment, and formation of a relatively extensive database containing previously obtained findings. Thus, virtopsy is currently a powerful auxiliary tool applicable in post-mortem diagnosis. The combined use of classical autopsy and virtopsy can increase the accuracy of diagnosis, which, together with digital data processing and storage tools, will bring the work of specialists to a new level of interdisciplinary interaction.
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病理学家和法医专家在尸检实践中的非侵入性方法:从出现到现在
本文综述了虚拟解剖方法的研究进展,以及目前的应用范围。为了分析文献来源,我们在Scopus、Web of Science、Medline、PubMed和RSCI数据库中检索关键词“virtopsy”,检索时间为2006-2022年,共收录文献199篇。其中,73份出版物(包括原创和评论论文)被选中进行审查。众所周知,诊断验证和治疗纠正在很大程度上要归功于病理学家的工作。死后诊断与终生诊断的巧合为优化类似病例的治疗过程提供了可能性。通过文献分析,我们可以得出这样的结论:成像精度水平和成功解释死后放射检查的频率显著提高,这与x射线光学和扫描设备质量的提高以及包含先前发现的相对广泛的数据库的形成有关。因此,虚拟解剖目前是一种强有力的辅助工具,适用于死后诊断。经典解剖和虚拟解剖的结合使用可以提高诊断的准确性,再加上数字数据处理和存储工具,将专家的工作提升到跨学科互动的新水平。
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