ESTATES OF THE HIGHEST NOBILITY IN THE TERRITORIES OF ST. PETERSBURG AND NEIGHBORING COUNTIES OF ST. PETERSBURG PROVINCE IN THE 18TH - EARLY 20TH CENTURY

Abstract

The heritage of the estates of Russia as a whole, including in the St. Petersburg province, is currently almost destroyed, therefore, the study of the topic related to the possibility of preserving the objects of manor architecture is especially relevant for the restoration scientific direction. The estates of the highest nobility occupy a special place in the history of architecture, but many especially unique manor complexes have remained only in memories, and most of the survivors have preserved only a small part of the buildings in poor condition. The study of the territories of historical St. Petersburg and its immediate surroundings covers hundreds of estates. Among them, dozens of very large and historically significant ones can be identified. The paper highlights a new type of historical estate objects on the territory of St. Petersburg and suburban counties of St. Petersburg province - "near estates of the highest nobility" (estates of representatives of the first 4 ranks in the table of ranks of the Russian Empire, characterized by particularly large territories - up to 200 hectares – and a particularly complex structure), which covered several belts the imperial capital and its surroundings. It is concluded, based on the analysis of the existing objects of protection, that they do not take into account the main features of such estates, since most often there are no urban planning and intangible components of the object of protection in them (objects of protection)