Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-27-37
N. Osipova, D. Yakovlev
The introduction of new advanced materials into gas supply practice leads to the creation of new products with improved qualities. For domestic use, along with traditional metal cylinders for liquefied petroleum gas, composite cylinders have recently been offered. Possessing a number of undeniable advantages, composite cylinders annually increase their share of presence in the field of bottled gas supply. However, the transition from traditional metal cylinders for the consumer should not be accompanied by a banal change of vessels, but requires a comprehensive, competent approach with justification for decisions made on the formation of a gas supply system for the consumer based on cylinders made of composite materials. Using the basic principles characterizing changes in the states of gas mixtures included in liquefied hydrocarbon gas, the characteristics of heat exchange, the vessels under study, the principles of operation of gas-using equipment for the consumer, parameters are determined that form the basis for the competent use of composite cylinders for the consumer using liquefied gases of various brands. As a result of the research, the mass of gas for filling cylinders was determined, taking into account the seasonality of operation and brands recommended for domestic consumption, the process of heat exchange between the cylinder and the environment was studied, taking into account its operating mode and the uneven generation of the vapor phase in the daily cycle of operation to ensure food preparation and hot water supply to consumers, the optimal periods of continuous operation of an individual cylinder installation with different capacities of a sin-gle composite cylinder and the number of cylinder replacements in the annual operating cycle were determined.
{"title":"RATIONALE FOR THE APPLICATION OF COMPOSITE CYLINDERS IN MUNICIPAL GAS SUPPLY TO CONSUMERS","authors":"N. Osipova, D. Yakovlev","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-27-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-27-37","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of new advanced materials into gas supply practice leads to the creation of new products with improved qualities. For domestic use, along with traditional metal cylinders for liquefied petroleum gas, composite cylinders have recently been offered. Possessing a number of undeniable advantages, composite cylinders annually increase their share of presence in the field of bottled gas supply. However, the transition from traditional metal cylinders for the consumer should not be accompanied by a banal change of vessels, but requires a comprehensive, competent approach with justification for decisions made on the formation of a gas supply system for the consumer based on cylinders made of composite materials. Using the basic principles characterizing changes in the states of gas mixtures included in liquefied hydrocarbon gas, the characteristics of heat exchange, the vessels under study, the principles of operation of gas-using equipment for the consumer, parameters are determined that form the basis for the competent use of composite cylinders for the consumer using liquefied gases of various brands. As a result of the research, the mass of gas for filling cylinders was determined, taking into account the seasonality of operation and brands recommended for domestic consumption, the process of heat exchange between the cylinder and the environment was studied, taking into account its operating mode and the uneven generation of the vapor phase in the daily cycle of operation to ensure food preparation and hot water supply to consumers, the optimal periods of continuous operation of an individual cylinder installation with different capacities of a sin-gle composite cylinder and the number of cylinder replacements in the annual operating cycle were determined.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-38-46
L. Suleymanova, A. Obaydi
The use of artificial neural networks and machine learning methods for the analysis of heat loss in buildings is of significant relevance in modern construction. These technologies are highly accurate and efficient in data processing. Artificial neural networks have the ability to analyze vast amounts of information and identify complex patterns, which significantly increases the accuracy of determining heat loss in buildings. In turn, machine learning methods make it possible to take into account various influencing factors, such as geographic location and meteorological conditions, thereby making a significant contribution to improving the quality of analytical results. Such approaches provide more reliable and accurate conclusions, which is critical for effective energy management and reducing heat loss in buildings. In this article, the authors conducted a study of heat losses of buildings and their prediction at the operational stage using artificial neural networks and machine learning methods. The technique is based on the analysis of data on heat loss and their relationship with various building parameters. Forecasting was carried out using artificial neural networks in the Statistica software package and the machine learning method based on the scikit-learn library. The proposed approach allows you to effectively manage the energy consumption of a building, optimizing its energy efficiency and improving the life cycle management of a capital construction project. The results demonstrate the high accuracy and convergence of the model with actual values, as well as its ability to predict performance.
{"title":"BUILDING LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT AT THE OPERATION STAGE USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODELS AND MACHINE LEARNING","authors":"L. Suleymanova, A. Obaydi","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-38-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-38-46","url":null,"abstract":"The use of artificial neural networks and machine learning methods for the analysis of heat loss in buildings is of significant relevance in modern construction. These technologies are highly accurate and efficient in data processing. Artificial neural networks have the ability to analyze vast amounts of information and identify complex patterns, which significantly increases the accuracy of determining heat loss in buildings. In turn, machine learning methods make it possible to take into account various influencing factors, such as geographic location and meteorological conditions, thereby making a significant contribution to improving the quality of analytical results. Such approaches provide more reliable and accurate conclusions, which is critical for effective energy management and reducing heat loss in buildings. In this article, the authors conducted a study of heat losses of buildings and their prediction at the operational stage using artificial neural networks and machine learning methods. The technique is based on the analysis of data on heat loss and their relationship with various building parameters. Forecasting was carried out using artificial neural networks in the Statistica software package and the machine learning method based on the scikit-learn library. The proposed approach allows you to effectively manage the energy consumption of a building, optimizing its energy efficiency and improving the life cycle management of a capital construction project. The results demonstrate the high accuracy and convergence of the model with actual values, as well as its ability to predict performance.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-8-16
K. Suleymanov, V. Lesovik, I. Pogorelova, I. Ryabchevskiy
The method of image analysis of the front surface of cellular concrete is an innovative way to obtain detailed and reliable data on the structure of the material at both the macro and micro levels. This characteristic is key to a deep understanding of the characteristics of the material. The main advantage of this method is its non-contact nature. Unlike traditional methods, which may require destruction of the sample during analysis, image analysis allows examination without any impact on the integrity of the material, which is especially important since this approach ensures that the sample is preserved for subsequent studies. The article presents a method developed by the authors for determining the porosity of cellular concrete. A feature of this method is the filling of the pores of the front surface with crushed amorphous carbon, followed by obtaining an image of the front surface using a digital camera, and then its processing and analysis. The results obtained using the developed method show high convergence with the results obtained using traditional methods for analyzing images of porous structures. Thus, the use of image analysis method represents a promising approach to determining the porosity of cellular concrete, providing high accuracy of data with minimal impact on the object of study.
{"title":"STUDY OF THE MACROPOROUS STRUCTURE OF CELLULAR CONCRETE","authors":"K. Suleymanov, V. Lesovik, I. Pogorelova, I. Ryabchevskiy","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-8-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-8-16","url":null,"abstract":"The method of image analysis of the front surface of cellular concrete is an innovative way to obtain detailed and reliable data on the structure of the material at both the macro and micro levels. This characteristic is key to a deep understanding of the characteristics of the material. The main advantage of this method is its non-contact nature. Unlike traditional methods, which may require destruction of the sample during analysis, image analysis allows examination without any impact on the integrity of the material, which is especially important since this approach ensures that the sample is preserved for subsequent studies. The article presents a method developed by the authors for determining the porosity of cellular concrete. A feature of this method is the filling of the pores of the front surface with crushed amorphous carbon, followed by obtaining an image of the front surface using a digital camera, and then its processing and analysis. The results obtained using the developed method show high convergence with the results obtained using traditional methods for analyzing images of porous structures. Thus, the use of image analysis method represents a promising approach to determining the porosity of cellular concrete, providing high accuracy of data with minimal impact on the object of study.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-76-89
I. Borisov, A. Novosyolov, M. Nikitina
The article considers the possibility of using carbonate rocks of limestone, marl and chalk in the synthesis of calcium-aluminoferrite clinker (CAFC). The analysis of the structure of carbonate rocks, as well as their influence on the physico-chemical processes occurring during the synthesis of calcium-aluminoferrite clinker, is given. Phase formation has been studied in the temperature ranges 900-1000 °C and 1100-1200 °C with an isothermal exposure of 20 minutes. The heat treatment mode has been selected to obtain the basic phase composition of calcium-aluminoferrite clinker. The dynamics of changes in the qualitative phase composition of firing products at various temperatures, ranging from 900 °C to the clinker sintering temperature of 1200 ° C, as well as quantitative characteristics of the intensity of formation of the main clinker phases are presented. It was found that during the firing of CAFC in the temperature range of 900-1000 °C, raw materials mixtures gradually undergo a number of physico–chemical transformations, the main of which are thermal dissociation of CaCO3, the formation of intermediate phases (CS, CF, Al2O3•4SiO2, Al2O3•SiO2), as a result of decomposition of accompanying minerals and solid-phase interactions, as well as the beginning of the formation of clinker compounds CA, C2AS and C2F. It is proposed to use for the limestone-bauxite composition a temperature of 1150 °C with an exposure of 40-60 minutes, marl-bauxite - 1100 °C with an exposure of 30-40 minutes and chalk-bauxite- 1100 °C with an exposure of 30-40 minutes.
{"title":"STUDY OF THE POSSIBILITY OF USING VARIOUS CARBONATE ROCKS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF CALCIUM-ALUMINOFERRITE CLINKER","authors":"I. Borisov, A. Novosyolov, M. Nikitina","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-76-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-76-89","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the possibility of using carbonate rocks of limestone, marl and chalk in the synthesis of calcium-aluminoferrite clinker (CAFC). The analysis of the structure of carbonate rocks, as well as their influence on the physico-chemical processes occurring during the synthesis of calcium-aluminoferrite clinker, is given. Phase formation has been studied in the temperature ranges 900-1000 °C and 1100-1200 °C with an isothermal exposure of 20 minutes. The heat treatment mode has been selected to obtain the basic phase composition of calcium-aluminoferrite clinker. The dynamics of changes in the qualitative phase composition of firing products at various temperatures, ranging from 900 °C to the clinker sintering temperature of 1200 ° C, as well as quantitative characteristics of the intensity of formation of the main clinker phases are presented. It was found that during the firing of CAFC in the temperature range of 900-1000 °C, raw materials mixtures gradually undergo a number of physico–chemical transformations, the main of which are thermal dissociation of CaCO3, the formation of intermediate phases (CS, CF, Al2O3•4SiO2, Al2O3•SiO2), as a result of decomposition of accompanying minerals and solid-phase interactions, as well as the beginning of the formation of clinker compounds CA, C2AS and C2F. It is proposed to use for the limestone-bauxite composition a temperature of 1150 °C with an exposure of 40-60 minutes, marl-bauxite - 1100 °C with an exposure of 30-40 minutes and chalk-bauxite- 1100 °C with an exposure of 30-40 minutes.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-90-106
M. Slobodianskii
The article proposes a methodology for estimating the gamma-percent life of metallurgical equipment parts made of grey cast iron on the basis of micro structural modelling of its stress state, which is formulated using known relationships for estimating the average life of mechanical equipment parts by the criterion of kinetic strength, the linearisation method of random arguments allowing to estimate the variance of the function under study and tools of micro structural modelling of the stress state of the material. It allows at the stages of design and operation to take into account the all-round influence of loading conditions of the investigated technical object, its operating temperature, physical and mechanical characteristics of structural components of grey cast iron on gamma-percent resource. Its main distinctive features are mathematical dependences allowing estimating the value of dispersion of parameters necessary for calculation of resource characteristics, as well as the possibility of taking into account the anisotropy of the real structure of grey cast iron. In addition, the procedure of verification of the proposed methodology by comparing theoretically obtained values of gamma-percent resource with the value established in the normative and technical documentation is carried out. The spacer plate of SMD-110 jaw crusher, made of grey cast iron of GI-20 grade, is considered as an object of research physical and mechanical characteristics of its structural components, such as modulus of elasticity and Vickers micro hardness were experimentally evaluated using the method of instrumental indentation. The prediction error does not exceed 18%, which in turn confirms a sufficient level of reliability of the theoretical solutions proposed in this article, which can be used in the design of metallurgical equipment parts made of grey cast iron, as well as in the formation of the periodicity structure of its repairs.
{"title":"FAILURE PREDICTION OF METALLURGICAL EQUIPMENT PARTS BY STRENGTH CRITERIA, MADE OF GREY CAST IRON, ON THE BASIS OF MICROSTRUCTURAL MODELLING OF STRESS STATE","authors":"M. Slobodianskii","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-90-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-90-106","url":null,"abstract":"The article proposes a methodology for estimating the gamma-percent life of metallurgical equipment parts made of grey cast iron on the basis of micro structural modelling of its stress state, which is formulated using known relationships for estimating the average life of mechanical equipment parts by the criterion of kinetic strength, the linearisation method of random arguments allowing to estimate the variance of the function under study and tools of micro structural modelling of the stress state of the material. It allows at the stages of design and operation to take into account the all-round influence of loading conditions of the investigated technical object, its operating temperature, physical and mechanical characteristics of structural components of grey cast iron on gamma-percent resource. Its main distinctive features are mathematical dependences allowing estimating the value of dispersion of parameters necessary for calculation of resource characteristics, as well as the possibility of taking into account the anisotropy of the real structure of grey cast iron. In addition, the procedure of verification of the proposed methodology by comparing theoretically obtained values of gamma-percent resource with the value established in the normative and technical documentation is carried out. The spacer plate of SMD-110 jaw crusher, made of grey cast iron of GI-20 grade, is considered as an object of research physical and mechanical characteristics of its structural components, such as modulus of elasticity and Vickers micro hardness were experimentally evaluated using the method of instrumental indentation. The prediction error does not exceed 18%, which in turn confirms a sufficient level of reliability of the theoretical solutions proposed in this article, which can be used in the design of metallurgical equipment parts made of grey cast iron, as well as in the formation of the periodicity structure of its repairs.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140477615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-47-55
A. Dubino
Urban areas around the world are also facing a climate crisis – longer, irregular and unpredictable periods of extreme precipitation or heat. In urban areas, the consequences of these changes have the greatest impact on people's lives, and in large cities, these changes occur quickly. Water-based Urban Planning (WSUD) offers an approach to an alternative spatial organization of cities and infrastructures that meets urban and climate problems. However, instead of considering the use of water–saving design technologies as a fundamental concept of the final state of the urban environment, this study examines the theory that water conservation is a variable that depends on the context and other variables in the study area. Thus, water conservation acts as a link between the context and the concept, where the context forms the concept, and the concept provides a focus on how to take into account the context. Therefore, understanding the context helps architects and urban planners to identify opportunities among the many complexities and contradictions in the urban environment, which in the future will positively affect the inclusion of water resources in local urban planning programs and thereby facilitate going beyond hypothetical levels and abstractness of the concept.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF CONTEXT SPECIFICS ON WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN LARGE CITIES","authors":"A. Dubino","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-47-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-47-55","url":null,"abstract":"Urban areas around the world are also facing a climate crisis – longer, irregular and unpredictable periods of extreme precipitation or heat. In urban areas, the consequences of these changes have the greatest impact on people's lives, and in large cities, these changes occur quickly. Water-based Urban Planning (WSUD) offers an approach to an alternative spatial organization of cities and infrastructures that meets urban and climate problems. However, instead of considering the use of water–saving design technologies as a fundamental concept of the final state of the urban environment, this study examines the theory that water conservation is a variable that depends on the context and other variables in the study area. Thus, water conservation acts as a link between the context and the concept, where the context forms the concept, and the concept provides a focus on how to take into account the context. Therefore, understanding the context helps architects and urban planners to identify opportunities among the many complexities and contradictions in the urban environment, which in the future will positively affect the inclusion of water resources in local urban planning programs and thereby facilitate going beyond hypothetical levels and abstractness of the concept.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-56-65
Zeyu Guo
At present, most countries are changing their national waste management policies from landfill disposal to recycling and reuse. In China, incineration power plants have been the first choice of disposal method because they occupy a small area, process waste quickly, reduce the amount of waste, do not pollute the environment, and have a high energy recovery rate. Nevertheless, the existing facilities are mostly monofunctional and the areas where they are located are depressive in nature. This leads to social rejection by the population and refusal to build incinerator power plants in the necessary quantity. The purpose of this article is to determine the principles of functional-planning organization of incinerator power plants in China. The existing experience of realization and designing of multifunctional incinerating power plants in China is studied, the graphic analysis of town-planning location and organization of sites is executed, the basic technological blocks, which are included in objects, are defined, functional-planning interrelations between them are established. The variants of shaping and architectural embodiment of garbage processing facilities have been studied. The result of the research is the formulation of the principles of functional-planning organization of multifunctional incineration power plants in China. Keywords: architecture, functional-planning solutions, incineration power plant, waste, China.
{"title":"PRINCIPLES OF FUNCTIONAL-PLANNING ORGANIZATION OF INCINERATION POWER PLANTS IN CHINA","authors":"Zeyu Guo","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-56-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-56-65","url":null,"abstract":"At present, most countries are changing their national waste management policies from landfill disposal to recycling and reuse. In China, incineration power plants have been the first choice of disposal method because they occupy a small area, process waste quickly, reduce the amount of waste, do not pollute the environment, and have a high energy recovery rate. Nevertheless, the existing facilities are mostly monofunctional and the areas where they are located are depressive in nature. This leads to social rejection by the population and refusal to build incinerator power plants in the necessary quantity. The purpose of this article is to determine the principles of functional-planning organization of incinerator power plants in China. The existing experience of realization and designing of multifunctional incinerating power plants in China is studied, the graphic analysis of town-planning location and organization of sites is executed, the basic technological blocks, which are included in objects, are defined, functional-planning interrelations between them are established. The variants of shaping and architectural embodiment of garbage processing facilities have been studied. The result of the research is the formulation of the principles of functional-planning organization of multifunctional incineration power plants in China. \u0000Keywords: architecture, functional-planning solutions, incineration power plant, waste, China.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-107-115
E. Pahomov, A. Romanovich, M. Romanovich, M. Dadim
The article describes an experimental installation of an energy-saving mixing unit for the preparation of dry building mixes. The installation consists of a receiving device for loading various components, a mixing chamber, which includes two shafts with blades that allow to intensify the process of movement of the components of the mixture, and thereby reduce the time for mixing them. The shafts are driven by two electric motors, a valve is provided for unloading the finished mixture, installed in the lower part of the mixing chamber, which is controlled by a pneumatic system for quick operation. The article presents the results of experimental studies to establish the influence of the structural and technological parameters of the mixer: the angle of inclination of the blades, the circumferential speed of their rotation and the mixing time on the qualitative characteristics of the mixing process of dry building mixes. It was found that an increase in the angle of inclination of the blades leads to an increase in the power spent on the mixing process of the components. This is due to the fact that with an increase in the angle of inclination of the blade, it is accompanied by an increase in the resistance to mixing, as the area of its contact with the mixture increases. An increase in the rotation frequency of the rotors entails a proportional increase in power. With an angle of inclination of the blades equal to 45 ° to the direction of its movement, the best result of preparing the mixture is achieved.
{"title":"ENERGY-SAVING MIXING UNIT FOR THE PREPARATION OF DRY BUILDING MIXES","authors":"E. Pahomov, A. Romanovich, M. Romanovich, M. Dadim","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-107-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-107-115","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes an experimental installation of an energy-saving mixing unit for the preparation of dry building mixes. The installation consists of a receiving device for loading various components, a mixing chamber, which includes two shafts with blades that allow to intensify the process of movement of the components of the mixture, and thereby reduce the time for mixing them. The shafts are driven by two electric motors, a valve is provided for unloading the finished mixture, installed in the lower part of the mixing chamber, which is controlled by a pneumatic system for quick operation. The article presents the results of experimental studies to establish the influence of the structural and technological parameters of the mixer: the angle of inclination of the blades, the circumferential speed of their rotation and the mixing time on the qualitative characteristics of the mixing process of dry building mixes. It was found that an increase in the angle of inclination of the blades leads to an increase in the power spent on the mixing process of the components. This is due to the fact that with an increase in the angle of inclination of the blade, it is accompanied by an increase in the resistance to mixing, as the area of its contact with the mixture increases. An increase in the rotation frequency of the rotors entails a proportional increase in power. With an angle of inclination of the blades equal to 45 ° to the direction of its movement, the best result of preparing the mixture is achieved.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140473404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-66-75
N. Petuhova, D. Zhorkina
This article describes the process of forming a new element of the urban planning structure, the closed courtyard, which was formed in the late 19th – early 20th century. To study this topic, an analysis is made of three historical buildings with closed courtyard spaces located in the city of Tambov, among them: V.V. Galkin's apartment house, M. V. Aseev's apartment house and K. I. Turchaninov's apartment house. The article also proves the similarity of their configurations with the tenement houses of St. Petersburg: the tenement house of F. I. Lidval, the tenement house of G. G. von Goli and the tenement house of A. N. Pertsov, built in the same time period, the reasons and prerequisites are revealed for the formation of courtyard spaces of a single type in the late 19th - early 20th century. In addition, the article raises the question of the need to introduce a complex of buildings for the profitable house of M. V. Aseev, located at Tambov, st. M. Gorky, 49, in the register of OKN. As evidence of the need to include objects in the register, the value characteristics of the ensemble of the profitable house of M. V. Aseev are described.
本文描述了城市规划结构中的一个新元素--封闭庭院--的形成过程，它形成于 19 世纪末 20 世纪初。为了研究这一主题，本文对位于坦波夫市的三座带有封闭式庭院空间的历史建筑进行了分析：V.V. Galkin 的公寓住宅、M. V. Aseev 的公寓住宅和 K. I. Turchaninov 的公寓住宅。文章还证明了它们与圣彼得堡公寓房的构造相似：F. I. Lidval 的公寓房、M.Lidval 的公寓房、G. G. von Goli 的公寓房和 A. N. Pertsov 的公寓房，揭示了 19 世纪末 20 世纪初形成单一类型庭院空间的原因和先决条件。此外，文章还提出了是否有必要将 M. V. Aseev（位于坦波夫市 M. Gorky 街 49 号）的盈利性住宅建筑群纳入 OKN 登记册的问题。作为将物品纳入登记册的必要性的证据，文章描述了 M. V. Aseev 盈利之家建筑群的价值特征。
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Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2024-9-3-17-26
A. Valiev, I. Starovoitova, A. Suleymanov
Improvement of stiffness characteristics of polymer composites is conditioned by the development of hybrid composites (containing more than one type of reinforcing continuous fiber) with the provision of effective stress transfer from fibers to binder through the interface. The study of mechanisms of formation of adhesion interaction in hybrid polymer composite consists in purposeful change of energy characteristics of phases in order to achieve the optimal level of adhesion, affecting the strength of composites while providing technological and other factors, predicting their durability. In this work the relationship between the energy characteristics of phases and the strength of hybrid polymer composite was investigated. Microphotographs of wetting of fibers of different nature by liquids were obtained by the optical method, by which the edge angles of wetting were determined, tests were carried out to determine the bending strength of polymer composites. A method for predicting the flexural strength of hybrid polymer composites made by vacuum infusion method has been proposed and experimentally confirmed, which consists in linking the adhesive interaction of components, structural components and flexural strength by determining the change in their energy characteristics of the filler by wetting method.
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