Wild vegetable raw materials are a source of enriching food additives

Abstract

Gentle technologies have been developed for processing wild plant raw materials growing on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, namely large burdock, medicinal dandelion, medicinal hemophlebus, common yarrow, carried out in order to obtain natural food fortifiers for bakery, flour confectionery and other food products. Vegetable powders of various degrees of grinding, with a particle size of 60-180mkm and less than 60mkm, containing inulin and other substances useful for health, were obtained. The technology of obtaining inulin from burdock and dandelion officinalis has been developed. A method of drying vegetable raw materials with infrared rays of various wavelengths was applied and studied. The obtained kinetic drying curves allowed us to establish that the drying rate depends on the type of raw material. As a result, drying modes (wavelength, heat flux power, duration) were determined for different parts of plants: for the aboveground part (leaves and inflorescences) and roots. The process of storing the obtained powders in sealed polymer packages of 3-5 kg at a temperature of (20±5)°C and relative humidity (70±5)% was studied. According to the results of organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological indicators, the shelf life of powders under these conditions is 18 months. Technical documentation for powders has been developed, approved and approved: roots of burdock, dandelion, medicinal hemophlebus and yarrow.