World experience of forming organizational and economic mechanism by forestry management on the basis of market economy

Abstract

The article summarizes the results of research on world experience in forming organizational and economic mechanism of forestry production on the basis of a market economy. It is analyzed that the production of roundwood and harvesting capacity is growing, especially in the Carpathian region and Polissya. The turnover of round timber production requires enhanced control and monitoring. The largest exporters of wood are private companies in Ukraine, but the dynamics shows a sharp decline in the supply of Ukrainian wood in recent years. This is due to the strengthening of European  requirements and the need to increase the area of certified forests. Examining the dynamics of forest certification, it can be argued that Ukraine is a leader in terms of increasing the number of supply chain certificates. The advantages and disadvantages of forest certification are identified, which indicate the implementation of the principles of balanced development, increasing economic efficiency and lack of public funding and accredited institutions. Based on the experience of European countries, the forms of ownership and forestry of the EU countries, as well as indicators of wood stocks were analyzed. The world market is now gradually increasing the demand for timber. It is determined that the main market leaders reduce the demand every year, so to solve the problem of selling their own wood, it is necessary to introduce a plan of domestic efficient sales. It is proved that the main problems hindering the development of new directions of forestry production and forest industry in general are low interconnection of forestry and wood processing industry; low technological level; weak innovation activity; low efficiency of forest resources use. As the experience of the world shows, overcoming the problems of development and increasing forestry production is possible through the creation of production clusters. The development provides an opportunity to increase the efficiency of orestry enterprises through investment, innovation, supply and marketing, and information exchange.